Children and giantess

A giantess deceives children into her garments, intending to cook them. A bird aids their escape, replacing them with sticks and stones. Upon discovering the ruse, the giantess attempts to capture them but overexerts herself and bursts, releasing various fish and human bones. The children transform into birds and find her dwelling filled with human remains.

Source: 
Ten’a Texts and Tales
(from Anvik, Alaska)
by John W. Chapman
The American Ethnological Society
Publications, Volume 6 (ed. Franz Boas)
E.J. Brill, Leyden, 1914


► Themes of the story

Cunning and Deception: The children, with the bird’s assistance, use cunning to escape and deceive the giantess.

Conflict with Nature: The children face a natural threat in the form of the giantess and must navigate their environment to escape her.

Moral Lessons: The story imparts lessons about the dangers of trusting strangers and the value of cleverness in overcoming threats.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about Koyukon people


Some boys and girls were playing on the ice. “Hark!” said one of them; and they heard an old woman singing in the bushes. Soon she came in sight, and they saw that she was very large. She told them that she had plenty of nice things in her house, and that if they would wait for her, she would go and get them for them. They said that they would; and to make sure, she put all the boys into her parka and tied it up, and then took off her breeches and put the girls into them and tied them up, and went away. When she had gone, a little Bird came and sat on. the outside of the parka, and told the boys that the old woman had lied to them. One of them told the Bird that he had some fine paint, and that if he would let them out, he would paint him in beautiful colors.

► Continue reading…

So the Bird pulled at the string until he had untied it, and the boys came out and filled the parka with sticks and tied it up again. Then they let the girls out, and filled the breeches with stones and tied them up again; and then they all got upon the Bird’s back, and he carried them to a distance, and they all sat down to see what would happen. Soon they saw the old woman coming back, followed by her slut. She had a large wooden bowl and a spoon; and she was singing, “Now I shall have some nice brain-soup!” When she came near the parka, she called out, “Here are the nice things that I promised you!” and then she took her knife and slit the parka open, but found nothing but sticks inside. Then she went to the breeches and cut them open; but her knife struck the rocks, which dulled it. One of the boys laughed so loudly that she heard him; but the ice had now melted, and there was a stream between them. So the boys mocked her, and told her that if she should drink the water up, she could get them. She put her mouth down and drank in one place, and the water went down a little. Then she drank in another place, and it went down still more. Then she drank in another place, and it all disappeared, so that she might have got them; but the effort proved too much for her, and she burst open; and out of her came white whales, ling, pike and all kinds of fish, men’s bones, and other things. The children were changed to birds and flew to her house, where they saw a great many bones of men and boys and girls.


Running and expanding this site requires resources: from maintaining our digital platform to sourcing and curating new content. With your help, we can grow our collection, improve accessibility, and bring these incredible narratives to an even wider audience. Your sponsorship enables us to keep the world’s stories alive and thriving. ♦ Visit our Support page

Fishing for husbands

In a large family of sisters, the eldest catches a husband by fishing him out of the water with a hook. Inspired, the second sister attempts the same but fails due to her wickedness. She later behaves inappropriately towards her brothers-in-law, leading to her family’s disappearance. Left alone, she mourns until a man in a canoe offers to reunite her with her sisters, taking her to a distant village.

Source: 
Ten’a Texts and Tales
(from Anvik, Alaska)
by John W. Chapman
The American Ethnological Society
Publications, Volume 6 (ed. Franz Boas)
E.J. Brill, Leyden, 1914


► Themes of the story

Transformation: The second sister undergoes an emotional journey from wickedness to remorse, leading to a change in her circumstances.

Family Dynamics: The story explores relationships among the sisters, highlighting themes of jealousy, rivalry, and reconciliation.

Loss and Renewal: The second sister experiences the loss of her family and later finds a form of renewal upon reuniting with her sisters in the distant village.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about Koyukon people


Told by Walter, of Anvik

There was a big family of girls, and the second sister was a wicked little thing. In the summer all these girls made fish-nets, and caught a supply of fish for winter use; and in the winter they made snares. So they kept themselves well supplied with food.

One winter the older sister made a fish-hook, and then she made a hole in the ice and let the hook down into the water. She felt something on the hook, and pulled it up, and found that she had an old wooden bowl. She let it down again, and felt something else, and tried to pull it up, but it was very heavy. So she pulled very hard, and at last she pulled out something tied up in a bag. She opened it, and found that there was somebody inside. She ran up on the bank; but some one overtook her and caught her, and she saw that it was a fine young man.

► Continue reading…

“What are you afraid of?” said he. “I am afraid of you,” said she. “Well,” said he, “let us go down and get my things!” So she went down with him, and she saw that there was a good sled.

Then he got all his things, and they went into the house. And when the girls saw them, they all had a fit of bashfulness; but the second sister spoke, and said, “Where did you get your husband?” “I caught him in the water with a fish-hook,” said she. “I want to get one, too,” said the second sister. Then they all went fishing, and all had good luck but the second sister. She got no husband, because she was not a good girl.

Now, the young men all went hunting deer, and they had good luck; and after the hunt they all went into the kashime. And that bad girl, made eyes at her brothers-in-law; and all her sisters said to her, “Don’t make eyes at your brothers;” but she said, “I don’t care.” After that, she said to her oldest sister, “How did you get your husband?” And she said, “Well, you make a hole in the ice, and let your fish-hook down into the water; and when you get a bite, you pull hard; and if you find a bag on the hook, you must not be afraid, but open it right away.” “I’ll do it,” she said. So she went and made a hole in the ice, and let down her hook; and pretty soon she felt something on it. She tried to pull it up, but it was too heavy. Then she saw that it was a big bag, and she became frightened and ran up to the house; and all her brothers and sisters dove down into the water; and when she went to the house, there was nobody there. So she did nothing but cry all the time; and when it came springtime, she made herself a little house, but still she did nothing but cry all the time.

When it came summer, she saw a man coming in a canoe. “Why are you crying?” said he. “Because I want to see my sisters,” said she. “Well,” said he, “get into my canoe, and I will take you to them.” So she got into his canoe, and he took her about one day’s journey, and they came in sight of a big village; and she went ashore, and there she found the sisters that she loved.


Running and expanding this site requires resources: from maintaining our digital platform to sourcing and curating new content. With your help, we can grow our collection, improve accessibility, and bring these incredible narratives to an even wider audience. Your sponsorship enables us to keep the world’s stories alive and thriving. ♦ Visit our Support page

A sentimental journey

A young man embarks on a lengthy canoe journey, encountering several empty kashimes (communal houses) along the river. After reaching the sea, he discovers another kashime and meets two girls. He offers a dog-skin parka to one, who declines, while the other accepts and becomes his wife. They settle together, with the man providing abundantly through seal hunting. Despite his suggestion to visit her home, she fears losing him to her friend, so they remain where they are.

Source: 
Ten’a Texts and Tales
(from Anvik, Alaska)
by John W. Chapman
The American Ethnological Society
Publications, Volume 6 (ed. Franz Boas)
E.J. Brill, Leyden, 1914


► Themes of the story

Quest: The young man’s extended journey down the river in his canoe signifies a quest, as he explores unknown territories and encounters new experiences.

Love and Betrayal: The young man’s proposal to the two girls, followed by one girl’s rejection and the other’s acceptance, introduces elements of love and the potential for betrayal.

Community and Isolation: The narrative contrasts the young man’s initial isolation during his solo journey with his eventual establishment of a new community with his wife.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about Koyukon people


Told by Walter, of Anvik

There was a young man travelling down the river with his canoe full of his belongings. After about twenty-five days he saw a big kashime on the shore; so he got out and went up, but found nobody there. He lay down on the shelf and slept that night; and in the morning he got up and went on down the river for about ten days, when he saw another big kashime. Again he went up; but he found nobody, and he went in and slept on the shelf that night. In the morning he got up and went on down the river in his canoe for about fifteen days, until he came to the sea. “Where shall I go now?” thought he. So he went ashore to take a walk, and saw another big kashime, and went in and lay down, and went to sleep. Soon he heard a noise, and he got up to listen, and heard two girls talking outside; so he went back and lay down again.

► Continue reading…

One of the girls said, “See that canoe, all full of things! Let’s look in the kashime!” So the two girls went into the kashime, and saw the young man asleep on the shelf; and one of them said, “Oh, my! what a fine young man! That’s the one for you.” But the other girl said nothing; and the one who spoke first said, “Let’s go out and look at his canoe!” So the two girls went out; and soon the young man followed them, -and found them looking at his canoe. “Well,” said he, “what are you looking at my canoe for?” “That is not your canoe, it is mine.” Then he said to the girls, “I’d like to marry one of you.” And the girls said, “Yes, sir.” And he went to his canoe and took out a bag full of something, and drew out from it a little dog-skin parka, and handed it to one of them; but she said, “I don’t care to wear a dog-skin parka. The other one, however, said, “I’d like to wear it;” and the one who refused ran away. So the young man said to the one who remained, “Do you want to go home too?” but she said, “I don’t want to go home, because I like you.” So he took her, and that night they slept in the kashime; and early in the morning the young man got up and took his canoe, and went off to hunt for seals. And he killed plenty of seals, and brought them all to the shore; and then he went back to the kashime and found that his wife had not waked up yet, so he went back to bed.

After a while his wife woke up and went outside and saw plenty of seals on the shore. So she went in and asked her husband who killed all the seals on the shore. “I killed them this morning,” said he. “Oh, my!” said she, “that’s plenty of seal.” “You better get up: it will take you all day to dress them.” So they got up and went out, and worked over them all day, and they had plenty of seal-oil. When they had finished, the man said, “Who is that girl that came with you before I got married to you?” And she said, “That’s my friend.” Then he said, “Let’s go to your home!” But she said, “I don’t think I care to go back home, because, if you find my friend there, I think you will send me away, and then I shall be sorry.” And her husband said, “No, I couldn’t do that.” So they did not go to the girl’s home, but settled down where they were.


Running and expanding this site requires resources: from maintaining our digital platform to sourcing and curating new content. With your help, we can grow our collection, improve accessibility, and bring these incredible narratives to an even wider audience. Your sponsorship enables us to keep the world’s stories alive and thriving. ♦ Visit our Support page

The chief’s son and the ghoul

In a large village, a chief’s two sons embarked on a hunting journey. Each night, one brother mysteriously died, only to reappear the next evening, claiming the other had left without him. This cycle repeated until they reached the ocean, where they parted ways, agreeing not to look back. The elder brother then encountered a sled laden with dead men, driven by a small old man.

Source: 
Ten’a Texts and Tales
(from Anvik, Alaska)
by John W. Chapman
The American Ethnological Society
Publications, Volume 6 (ed. Franz Boas)
E.J. Brill, Leyden, 1914


► Themes of the story

Resurrection: Both brothers die multiple times and come back to life, highlighting the theme of returning from death.

Journey to the Otherworld: The brothers’ travels, especially onto the ocean and their eventual separation, can symbolize a venture into unknown or otherworldly realms.

Loss and Renewal: The repeated deaths and resurrections represent cycles of loss and renewal within the story.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about Koyukon people


Once there was a large village where a chief lived who had two sons who were old enough to go out hunting. One evening, when they went to bed, they agreed to go out hunting together the next day; so in the middle of the night they got up and dressed themselves, and got their snowshoes and started out.

They walked all that day; and when evening came, they made their camp, and the next morning they started again. Twice they camped in this way, and on the third evening they made their camp as usual; but the next morning when the older brother got up, he found that his younger brother had been eaten by mice and other small animals during the night.

► Continue reading…

Then he wailed for him long and loud, and afterward he left him lying in the camp, and started on again. He walked all day, and in the evening he made his camp; and after he had built the fire, as he sat weeping for his brother, he heard a noise in the direction from which he had come; but he did not look up. Then some one said, “What is the matter? What are you crying for?” and he looked up, and saw his brother standing by the fire and smiling at him. “I thought that you were dead,” said he, “and that you had been eaten up by the mice.” — “You are mistaken,” said his brother, “you only failed to tell me that you were going, that was all.” So they had their supper and went to bed; and in the morning the younger of them got up, and found that the elder had been eaten up by the mice, too. And after he had cried for him, he left him lying in the camp, and went on.

At the end of the day’s walk he made a camp; and no sooner had he made a fire and sat down, than he heard a noise. So he looked up, and saw that his brother was coming into the camp; and his brother said, “Why is it that you did not wait for me this morning?” “Well,” said the younger one, “I did not wake you up, because you had been eaten up by mice and some other little animals.”

Now, the next morning the older brother got up and found that his brother had been eaten again; but this time he did not cry, because he knew that he would come to life again. So he left him there and went on his way, and did not stop to rest all day until he found a place to make his camp.

When he had found a good place, he camped and made his fire; and as he sat by the fire, he heard a noise again, as he had the day before, and looked up and saw that it was his brother. “Why is it,” said he, “that you did not let me know when you were starting this morning?” “Well,” said his brother, “I could not let you know when you had died and were eaten by mice.”

The younger brother was eaten three times, and the older brother was eaten four times, and after that it did not happen to them again.

So they travelled along without any more trouble until they came to the ocean. They went right straight out upon the ocean; and finally they stopped and said to each other, “We cannot travel together this way all the time.” So the older said to the younger, “You shall go south, and I will go north. You must not look back when you have left me.” So they left each other, and neither turned to look back.

As the older brother was going on his way, he saw something on the ice in the distance. It was too far away to tell what it was; but as he came nearer, he saw that it was a great sled loaded down with dead men, and that there was a little old man behind it. The sled ran as fast as though nine dogs were pulling it; and the old man had a hatchet behind his head, which he pulled out, and with it he attacked the young man and tried to kill him. But the young man was too much for him, and he was unable to kill him. By and by the young man took away his hatchet; and the old man said, “My grandson, I did not intend to kill you, I was just fooling. Sit on the sled among the dead people.” The young man said, “Are you sure that you will not kill me?” “I am sure,” said he. So the young man got into the sled; and the old man pushed it, big as it was; and it ran along as easily as could be. In the evening they came to a kashime. There were no other houses, except a brush-house, standing beside the kashime. The old man took all the dead men into the brush-house, and the young man went into the kashime and fixed himself up nicely, as the old man had told him to do. Then the old man gave the younger one some king-salmon and some icecream, and everything that he called for.

After the young man had gone to bed, the old man went out and built a fire in the brush-house, and staid there all night; but he had told the young man not to go out during the night. In the morning the young man got up and found the old man sleeping, and he looked into the brush-house and saw nothing. The dead men had all been eaten up. He went back to the kashime-, and by and by the old man woke up and came in and gave him food again, the same as he had done the day before.

Then the old man took the big sled again and went into the woods, and after a while he brought it back loaded down with spruce hens. He put these also into the brush-house. During the night he ate everything up again. The next day he remained at home all day; and the following morning he said, “My grandson, today there will be strangers here. I am glad of this.” In the afternoon the young man went out and saw some strangers coming, all in line, with axes and spears in their hands, intending to kill the old man. The young man told the other that they were close to the place; and the old man dressed himself and put his girdle around him, and took his axe and went out to meet them. But he told the young man to stay in the house, and not to go out until the fight was over. Then they began to fight, and there was a great noise outside for a long time; and then the young man went out, and found that the strangers had all been killed by the old man. Not one was left alive. Then he helped the old man to put them into the brushhouse; and there were so many of them, that it was late in the evening before they finished.

The old man staid in the brush-house again all night, among the dead people, and the next day he brought in another sled-ful of grouse. The day after that he staid in bed again all day, sleeping; and the following day he said, “My grandson, there will be more strangers here today, and you must fight them this time. I think you will be all right.” In the afternoon more people came than the last time; and when they drew near, the young man went out to meet them and killed them all, as the old man had done. He filled the big sled with them, and brought it to the brush-house and put them into it; and the old man passed the night cooking them.

The next day the old man told the younger one to take the big sled and get some grouse. “Where can I find them?” said he. The old man said, “You will find them all in one tree. Take my arrow and shoot to one side of the tree, and they will all fall down.” The young man went away; but he had not gone far, when he saw a big tree filled with grouse. Every branch was loaded down. There was one grouse larger than all the rest, sitting on the lowest branch. He had great eyes, and was looking straight at him. The young man tried to shoot him in the eye; but the arrow glanced upward, and did not strike him. But the other grouse all fell down dead, while the big one still sat looking at him.

He brought the grouse back to the brush-house and put them into it; and then he went into the kashime and found the old man there, but something was the matter with his eyes. “Grandfather,” said he, “what is the matter?” but the old man did not answer. Then the young man remembered that he had shot close to the big grouse, and he told him about it; and the old man opened his eyes wide, and was sick no more.

The next morning the old man said, “We had better go to see your grandmother.” The young man agreed; and the old man brought out the big sled, and fitted up a little place at the back with deer-skins, and had the young man get into it; and he put in a man’s rib with the meat on it, and lashed it in so that it could not fall off. Then he hitched a great harness made of brownbear skin to the sled, told the young man not to peep, but to keep himself under the skins, and started off. In the evening they came to a house. Then the old man told the younger one to get out of the sled and tell his grandmother to come out and see the dead people; and the young man saw that the sled was full of dead bodies, but he did not know where they came from, for he had seen only one rib put into the sled. So he went into the house, and all at once he heard the old woman saying, “Here comes some fresh deer-meat!” but the old man said, “It is your grandson, you must not kill him.” They unloaded the sled and went into the house; and the old people made ice-cream for the young man, and they began to eat the dead people, but they would not allow the young man to eat with them.

The next morning the young man said that he would like to go to see his father and mother; and they made two bowls of ice-cream for him, and put them into the sled, and made a little place for him in the sled, and the young man got in, and that evening he was at home.

When he came near to the house, he saw some women crying, as though some one were dead. He left the sled in the woods; and when he tried to get into the house, he could not (for want of strength), so he fell head-first over the porch and fainted. When he came to himself, he found himself in bed, with his father and mother on either side of him. He opened his eyes slowly, as though he were at the point of death, and said, “Mother!” “My son,” said his mother, “is that surely you? You are out of your mind (Ni ye’ge” tuxaiudu’t, qwuta’).” — “No,” said he, “I am not crazy, I am all right, but where is my brother?” His father said, “My son, your brother has been dead for a long time.” Then he got better every day, until he was well, and they lived there together.


Running and expanding this site requires resources: from maintaining our digital platform to sourcing and curating new content. With your help, we can grow our collection, improve accessibility, and bring these incredible narratives to an even wider audience. Your sponsorship enables us to keep the world’s stories alive and thriving. ♦ Visit our Support page

The knocked-down mouse

A mouse repeatedly slides down a hill, losing its teeth and legs in the process. Eventually, it rolls into a water hole and discovers a house where old women are using its lost body parts as needles. The mouse reclaims its parts, reassembles itself, and escapes, noticing that summer has arrived.

Source: 
Ten’a Texts and Tales
(from Anvik, Alaska)
by John W. Chapman
The American Ethnological Society
Publications, Volume 6 (ed. Franz Boas)
E.J. Brill, Leyden, 1914


► Themes of the story

Supernatural Beings: The old women possess knowledge or abilities beyond the ordinary, as they use the mouse’s teeth and toe-nails as needles.

Loss and Renewal: The mouse experiences loss through the disintegration of his body but achieves renewal by reclaiming and reassembling himself.

Conflict with Nature: The mouse’s initial playful interaction with the hill leads to his physical disintegration, highlighting a struggle against natural forces.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about Koyukon people


Told by Kate Phillips

A little Mouse was sliding down hill all day long; and as he slid down, he lost one of his front teeth. And he went up and slid down again, and lost another tooth. He went up and slid down again, and lost one of his legs; and he slid down again, and lost another leg. And so he lost all his legs, and he had not a leg to stand on; and he went rolling down over the ice, and rolled into the water-hole. It was very deep, and there was ice at the bottom; so he rolled out, and went rolling up the path that led to the water-hole, until he heard some one talking. Then he saw a large house, and he rolled up the roof to the smoke-hole, and saw two old women who had his fore-legs, and two other old women who had his hind-legs, and two other old women who had his teeth; and they were using his teeth and his toe-nails for needles. He rolled down off the house and into the entrance, and got his feet and his teeth, and put himself together, and went outside in a passion. When he got outside, he saw that the ice had gone and that summer had come, and he ran away squeaking.

► Continue reading…

Running and expanding this site requires resources: from maintaining our digital platform to sourcing and curating new content. With your help, we can grow our collection, improve accessibility, and bring these incredible narratives to an even wider audience. Your sponsorship enables us to keep the world’s stories alive and thriving. ♦ Visit our Support page

The hunter and the Bear-Man

A skilled hunter’s wife is left alone daily while he hunts. One day, a tall, dark stranger visits and urges her to leave with him, but she refuses. Later, her children spot a bear near their cache. The wife dresses attractively and leaves. Upon returning, the hunter finds his wife missing and discovers her remains beneath a cache, guarded by a massive bear. He confronts the bear, challenging it to do the same to him.

Source: 
Ten’a Texts and Tales
(from Anvik, Alaska)
by John W. Chapman
The American Ethnological Society
Publications, Volume 6 (ed. Franz Boas)
E.J. Brill, Leyden, 1914


► Themes of the story

Revenge and Justice: The hunter seeks retribution for his wife’s death by confronting the bear.

Love and Betrayal: The wife’s departure with the stranger can be seen as a form of betrayal.

Conflict with Nature: The hunter’s battle with the bear symbolizes a struggle against natural forces.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about Koyukon people


Told by Stephen Morton

There was a man who had a wife and two children. This man was a great hunter, and used to go out day by day, and leave his wife and the boys in the house, without company. His wife would sometimes ask him why it was necessary for him to leave them every day. “Stay at home with us today!” she would say, but he would never listen to her. “This is my job,” he would say, “and I must attend to it.” One day, after he had gone out to hunt, as usual, his wife was sitting in the house, sewing, when she heard some one coming outside the door. She thought it was her husband, and went on sewing, but a stranger entered the room. He was a tall, dark man; and after he had spoken with the woman a while, he asked her to go with him. “I cannot do that,” said she. “I have a husband, why should I go away with you?”

► Continue reading…

Still he urged her, and still she refused, and at last he rushed out of the house in a passion. After a little, she sent the children out of doors to play, while she herself kept on with her sewing.

As the boys were standing outside the house, they looked across the gorge, where the summer house and the caches were; and the younger one said to his brother, “See that thing under the cache! What is it?” — “It is a bear,” said the older one. “Let’s tell our mother!” said the younger one. “No,” said his brother, “it will frighten her.” So they agreed not to tell her; but when they went into the house, the younger boy forgot himself. Their mother asked them what they had seen outside while they were playing, and the older boy said that they had seen nothing; but a little while afterward, as they were playing about the room, the younger one exclaimed, “My, what a big bear that was that we saw under the cache!” So their mother began to ask them about it. Soon she put away her sewing, and went out to the cache that stood just behind the house, and brought in all her best clothes. After that, she washed her face and combed her hair, and made herself look as attractive as possible. Then she told the children to remain in the house, while she herself went out.

Toward evening her husband returned from his hunting. When he came in sight of the house, he saw no smoke coming out of the smoke-hole. “Surely,” thought he, “there must be something the matter with my wife!” He went up on the roof and took off the curtain. Then he took some of the meat and fat, which he had tied up in a deer-skin, and let it down into the house, calling out to his wife to take it. But his wife did not answer; and one of the boys said, “Mamma is not here.” So he went in and made a fire, and cooked some of the meat, and went to bed, thinking that his wife would soon be back. In the morning she was still missing; and he went out to his cache and got his hollow hunting-club, and melted some deer-fat and poured it into the club, to give it weight, for he had been looking around until he had found the tracks of his wife going down toward the brook, and beside them were the footprints of a man of great size. He followed them across the brook, toward the caches; and under one of the caches he saw a huge bear asleep, lying upon the remains of his wife. He came near to the bear, and the bear rose up to meet him. And the man stood and taunted him, and said, “Do the same thing to me now, that you have done to my wife. You have killed her, kill me too.” Then the bear rushed at him, but he stepped aside; and as the bear passed him, he struck him with his club again and again, until he killed him. Then he cut off the bear’s head and revenged himself upon the body, and began to wail for his wife in long-drawn cries. He cut off his own hair, and mutilated himself until his body was covered with blood. At length he looked, and found that fur was growing upon the back of his hands, and he and the two boys turned into wolves.


Running and expanding this site requires resources: from maintaining our digital platform to sourcing and curating new content. With your help, we can grow our collection, improve accessibility, and bring these incredible narratives to an even wider audience. Your sponsorship enables us to keep the world’s stories alive and thriving. ♦ Visit our Support page

Young-Man Wolf and Old-Man Gull

The story follows a young man who awakens fully grown beneath a spruce tree, equipped with a bow, arrows, fire-stick, and hunting knife. He learns to hunt, fashioning clothing from deer hides, and eventually builds a winter home. Curious about others, he embarks on a journey, discovering an old man who reveals he had been anticipating his arrival.

Source: 
Ten’a Texts and Tales
(from Anvik, Alaska)
by John W. Chapman
The American Ethnological Society
Publications, Volume 6 (ed. Franz Boas)
E.J. Brill, Leyden, 1914


► Themes of the story

Hero’s Journey: The young man’s adventure from self-discovery to gaining wisdom under the mentorship of Old-Man Gull aligns with the classic hero’s journey narrative.

Transformation: Throughout the story, the protagonist undergoes significant personal growth, evolving from an inexperienced individual to a knowledgeable and capable person.

Guardian Figures: Old-Man Gull serves as a mentor and protector, guiding the young man through his journey and helping him overcome various challenges.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about Koyukon people


Told by Blind Andrew, of the Kuskokwim

There was a young man who was not born, but who found himself full grown, lying under a spruce-tree He sat up, and found at his side a bow and arrows. There were also a fire-stick and a hunting-knife. “How shall I make a living?” thought he. He took up the things that were beside him, and set out to get something to eat. As he went on, he became very hungry, and made a camp, putting spruce-boughs around himself for warmth, and began to think whether he could make a fire with the fire-stick. At last he succeeded in doing this; but still he had no food, and he was hungry. He lay awake all that night, thinking how he should get something to eat. In the morning he took his bow and arrows, and started out ‘to hunt. He climbed a hill; and when he reached the top, he saw that it was a fine place to hunt.

► Continue reading…

He looked around and saw some deer; and, although it was the first time that he had ever seen any, he was not afraid, but went straight down to them, without making any attempt to conceal himself. He did not know how to use the bow and arrows, so when the deer ran, he threw down the bow and ran after them, and finally caught one by the neck, and strangled it, and put it on his shoulders and took it to his camp. On his way back, he picked up his bow and arrows and took them along with him. When he reached camp, he cut off the feet of the deer, and stripped off the skin, as one skins a rabbit. Then he tied a string around the ends of the hind-legs, and pulled them on for trousers, and wiggled himself into the skin. Then he ate some of the flesh to satisfy his hunger, but by and by the sun came up, and his new clothes began to shrink and grow stiff, so that he had hard work to keep the joints soft, so that he could move about.

After he had his clothing fixed to his satisfaction, he went off to look for a good place to live, leaving the deer-meat where the camp was made. He went on until he came to a fine river, and ascended it until he found a place which suited him. Then he made a winter house and a cache, and started in to get his living by hunting. He killed deer and bear by choking them to death. He took the meat and the skins to his house; and as his old garments wore out, he made himself new ones. He was an industrious hunter, and got abundance of meat and skins. He remained at this place all winter.

Toward spring he began to wonder whether there were any other people in the world beside himself; and he made up his mind that he would try to find out, and that he would never stop looking until he found some one. So he started off, walking day after day, and camping when night overtook him. One evening, as it was about time for him to go into camp, he came upon a waterhole, and concluded that at last he had come to a place where he should find human beings. So he hid his pack, and followed the path from the water-hole up the bank, and found that it led to a large house, like a kashime. At first he was afraid; but when he went in, he found no one inside. After he had waited a while, he heard a noise outside, and a little old man came in. This man turned and saw the young man; and at first he was surprised, for this was the first time that a stranger had ever come to his house. “My child!” said he; and then he told the young man that he had come because he had been wishing so earnestly for him. He had known of him, and showed the young man that he knew of all his adventures. Then the young man told the older one that he had come to him weeping, for his great desire for human companionship. The old man told him that he was to stay, and the fire should be made immediately. So the curtain was removed from the smoke-hole, but without the agency of hands; and in the same way wood was brought in, and laid for the fire. The young man wondered how this should be, but he said nothing. When everything was ready, the old man told the younger one that he was about to take a bath, and asked him to go out for a while; so he went out, and walked around, but found no house where he could go in and sit down. He looked through the grass that stuck out of the snow at the edge of the bank, thinking that he might find a path, but he found none. Finally, when he thought that the old man had finished his bath, he went back, and found that the coals had been thrown out and the curtain put back; so he went in, and found the old man there.

So they sat down together, and the old man told him all about himself and how he made his living. As they sat talking, the skin that covered the entrance-hole in the middle of the floor was pushed aside, and a delicate, white hand appeared, holding a dish of food, which the young man saw to be fine whitefish. The old man got down and took the dish, and the hand disappeared. The young man found the fish so good, that he ate it all; and then the old man took the dish and set it down again near the curtain, and the same hand appeared and took it away. The two men sat together for some time, the younger one wondering all the time to whom the hand might belong. At length the old man said that he was going out, but that the younger one was to stay where he was. The young man urged the other not to leave him; but the old man said, “No,” that he must go, and that the young man was to stay, but that he would send two children in to stay with him, and that he must never leave them.

So the old man went out; and the young man sat for some time, waiting for the children to come in. At length he heard two children talking together outside, each urging the other to go in first. The house was of the kind that has the entrance in the middle of the floor. At last two beautiful girls came up through the entrance. They had bowls of food; and they went to the young man in the most friendly manner, and offered it to him, and sat down on either side of him. Neither of them said anything; and the young man said nothing, but he thought how kind it was of the old man to send in such beautiful girls, when he had been expecting boys. After they had eaten, they all went to bed.

In the morning they all got up, and the two girls went out; and when they returned, each brought in a dish of fish. When they had eaten this, they said that they would cook some more, and they went out again. While, they were gone, the old man came in and greeted the younger one, and asked him how he had passed the night. “Why,” said he, “I thought that you were going to send two boys in to stay with me. That is why I said that I would stay when you said that you would send in two children.” Then the old man told him that the mother of the two girls would not show herself to him until he. had taken the girls up to his own village and brought them back again. He also told the young man that all he would be expected to do while he remained with them would be to sit in the house and make a fish-net. The young man answered that he could not do this, because he was a hunter, and this was work to which he was not accustomed; but the old man said that he must do as he told him, “for,” said he, “I have given you the two girls. This is the way we live, and you must do as we do.” So he gave him some twine made of willow-bark, and showed him how to make a net, and told him that his own work was to go to the nets and take out the fish, and that he did nothing else from sunrise until sunset.

So after the old man had left to look after his nets, the young man set to work to make a net; but he found it tiresome, and after a little he stopped working and went out to see what had become of the girls. He went all around the place, looking for their tracks; and finally, under some overhanging grass, he found a narrow trail, which led him back, and up a little slope; and there he saw a house, with sparks coming out of the smoke-hole. He was curious to see the mother of the two girls, so he crept cautiously up to the top of the house and peeked down through the smoke-hole. He saw the two girls cooking some fish, and in one corner of the room sat a woman whose hair was so long that it afforded her a cushion. The young man took some snow and wet it in his mouth, and threw it down and struck her. Then he ran down off the house as fast as he could, toward the house where he had been at work on the net; but he heard the roar of water following him, and he kept on across the river, and up a hill on the other side. Still the water followed him up the hill; but just as he reached the top, it stopped, and when he turned around, he saw nothing but water where the houses had been, and three gulls flying around over the place. They flew directly over where he stood; and then he heard the voice of the old man, asking him why he had not done as he told him. Then they flew away, and the young man began to walk around; and soon he found that fur was growing out upon the back of his hands, and he turned into a wolf.


Running and expanding this site requires resources: from maintaining our digital platform to sourcing and curating new content. With your help, we can grow our collection, improve accessibility, and bring these incredible narratives to an even wider audience. Your sponsorship enables us to keep the world’s stories alive and thriving. ♦ Visit our Support page

“You Smell of My Wife,” a girl’s adventure in a family of bears

In a village, a rich man’s youngest sister falls into a river after her older sisters reluctantly let her use their swing. The older sisters flee, and one discovers an arrowhead among bear fur. She finds shelter with a man and his two sons, who are bears in disguise. The bear-man accuses her of smelling like his deceased wife, killed by an arrow. Warned by the bear-sons, she escapes, leading villagers to kill the pursuing bear. She reunites with her sisters, realizing the bear’s wife was slain by the arrowhead she carried.

Source: 
Ten’a Texts and Tales
(from Anvik, Alaska)
by John W. Chapman
The American Ethnological Society
Publications, Volume 6 (ed. Franz Boas)
E.J. Brill, Leyden, 1914


► Themes of the story

Transformation: The bear’s wife transforms into a bear, highlighting themes of physical change.

Family Dynamics: The tale begins with the relationship between the sisters, showcasing sibling interactions and conflicts.

Conflict with Nature: The protagonist’s encounter with the bear and her subsequent flight illustrate a struggle against natural forces.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about Koyukon people


Told by Julia Longman Cutter

Once there was a big village, and in it there lived a rich man who had three sisters. The two older sisters had a swing; and one day, when they were swinging, their younger sister came out and asked them to let her swing, too. At first they refused; but she begged them to let her swing, and finally they told her that they would put her in the swing if she would hold on tight. Now, the swing was on a high rock at the edge of the water; and she let go her hold and fell into the water, and her sisters were so frightened that they ran away. They ran for miles and miles; and finally the one who was ahead looked back, but she saw nothing of her sister: so she went on, and by and by she came to a heap of bear’s fur. She searched through it, and found an arrow-head, and put it in her sleeve.

► Continue reading…

Then she went down the hill, and soon she came in sight of a house. She went in, and found a man and two little boys, who gave her something to eat. When it came evening, they went to bed. In the night she was awakened by something sniffing at her, and she saw that it was a yellow bear. She went to sleep again, however; and when she awoke in the morning, she saw two little bears sleeping together in the room. Then she went to the door, and saw a bear fishing in the stream. She went to sleep again, and by and by the two boys woke her and gave her some fish to eat; and the man looked at her, and said, “You smell of my wife.” The next morning the two boys told her that their father was coming after her to kill her; but they made a hole though the back of the house, so that she could get away, and she escaped. She found, however, that a great bear was following her. She ran very fast, and by and by she came in sight of a village. She screamed, “The bear is coming, the bear is coming!” and the men heard her, and got their arrows and spears and went out and killed the bear, and made a great feast for all the people; and she found that it was her own village that she had run away from; and there were her older sister and her younger sister. And she said to her older sister, “Why did you leave me?” and her sister answered, “I came back home again.”

Now, it seems that the bear had had a wife; and his wife had turned into a bear and had gone up on the hill; and a man who was hunting had seen her and shot her with an arrow, and she had run away and died on the hillside; and the bear had smelled the arrow-head, and that is why he said, “You smell of my wife.”


Running and expanding this site requires resources: from maintaining our digital platform to sourcing and curating new content. With your help, we can grow our collection, improve accessibility, and bring these incredible narratives to an even wider audience. Your sponsorship enables us to keep the world’s stories alive and thriving. ♦ Visit our Support page

The Tri’gudihltu’xun and the two bears

In a large village, a woman reluctant to marry joins a berry-picking trip, falls asleep, and awakens to find herself taken as a wife by two men, who are actually brown bears in disguise. They live together, and she bears them three children. Longing for her parents, she expresses her desire to visit them. Her husbands build a sled, load it with provisions, and transport her and their daughter back to her village, instructing her not to look at them during the journey. Upon arrival, she reunites with her family, and her bear husbands depart.

Source: 
Ten’a Texts and Tales
(from Anvik, Alaska)
by John W. Chapman
The American Ethnological Society
Publications, Volume 6 (ed. Franz Boas)
E.J. Brill, Leyden, 1914


► Themes of the story

Family Dynamics: The story explores the relationship between the woman, her bear-husbands, and their children, highlighting complex family interactions.

Conflict with Nature: The woman’s integration into a family with bear-men represents a union and potential conflict between human society and the natural world.

Journey to the Otherworld: The woman’s life with the bear-men can be seen as a journey into a realm beyond normal human experience, akin to an otherworldly adventure.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about Koyukon people


There was once a big village where there lived some one who was unwilling to marry. Now, they used to go to get berries; and once they started off, and the Tri’gudihltu’xun went with them in a canoe. At last they came to the path that led to the berry-patch. Now, the Tri’gudihltu’xun did not pick berries, for she was very sleepy; and at length she put down her bowl, and lay down under a spruce and went to sleep. After a while, she felt herself crowded, and awoke, and looked, and saw that it was a brown bear. She went to sleep again, and awoke, and got up, and there were two big men there. “You shall be our wife,” said they; so they took her for their wife. Now, they were always fishing. Day after day they kept at it.

► Continue reading…

“Do not watch us,” they said to their wife, and she promised that they would not. So they went out and closed the door, and soon afterward there was a splashing down at the water. At that she made a little opening in the side of the house, and looked; and there they were, standing in the water, throwing out fish. Soon they came up into the house. “Go out now,” they said, “and take a look down there!” So she went down and looked around. There was a great quantity of fish. Then she went into the house.

So then a year passed by, and she conceived a child. Poor thing! She bore him with great difficulty.

Now, they took good care of him; and in the morning one of his fathers took the little fellow and went out of the house with him. He walked around with him outside, and cut up some wood; and at evening he brought him in again, and took him out of his parka, and, lo! he was changed. He sat up and crept about. He grew a little larger. One morning his father placed a big root at the door for him, to exercise with.

So then I don’t know how many years passed, and the woman conceived another child; and this one, too, she bore with great difficulty. They cared for him; and one of his fathers took him, and went out with him, and kept him out a day and came in again. Lo, he was changed! He crept around, and they cared for him, and he grew up.

Again years passed, I don’t know how many, and again she conceived; and this one too, poor thing! she bore with difficulty. Again he took it, and kept it outside a day, and brought it in at evening. He took it out of his parka, and it sat up.

So then it grew a little larger. I don’t know how many years it was after that, when the woman sat one day with her head bowed down. “Eat something!” said they; but she refused. “What is the matter?” said one of them. “I was just thinking of my parents,” said she. So then her husbands said, “We will go to them presently.” In the morning they got up and girded themselves, and went to look for material for a sled. During the day they came back and began to make a big sled. I don’t know how many sleeps passed while they were making it. At last they had it done, and the next day they loaded it. Deer-skins and fat, and skins of various kinds, they put into it, until they had packed it full. At the same time they had made a place for the wife to sit. So the day after they were to start. Then they put the woman into the sled, with her little daughter, and covered them up. They placed food beside them, too, and then they started. “Do not look at us,” they ‘said to her, and she promised not to do so. Then they got into the harness and went off. So here they go. Now, the woman wished to see; so at last she made a little opening, and peeked. Lo, they were changed! Two great bears were pulling the sled. So they went along. “Now,” said they, “get out, for the village is near!” So they got out of the sled, and they put on their best clothes and came to the village. “Yeq!” said they, “the Tri’gudihltu’xun that was lost is coming back!”

So they came into the village, and the Tri’gudihltu’xun saw her father and her mother again. Meanwhile the men had gone down into the kashime; and a fire was made in the kashime, and the bowls were brought in. Then, at evening, the boys went for water, and finally it became bed-time. Then they said to the strangers, “Do you sleep on the other side of the room.” So they lay down on the other side. During the night some one awoke, and on the other side of the room there were some great bears. He lay down again; and when the people woke up in the morning, it was broad daylight. I don’t know how many days they staid there, when one morning they made ready to go away. Finally they left, and passed out of sight of the village, and came to their own village. There they lived during the winter, and for a year more.

Then the Tri’gudihltu’xun’s older brother came over to them. Back in the grass he went, while those two were down at the river. Meanwhile he kept under the grass. There was no way for him to come out into view, because he was afraid. “They will kill me,” thought he. So he gave a whistle. Thereupon the ones who were down in the river thought, “There is an up-the-river man come down here.” They ran up the bank, and went off to the village up the river in the shape of bears. They had become full of rage. At last that woman’s brother went into the house. She said to him, “What made you come from up the river? That means death for the village people up the river. Come,” said she, “go and hide!” So he went out and went up the river.

After that, he was going along. He heard a sound, as though some one were coming. He got under the grass, beside the path. There he waited. Afterwards those men came along in the shape of bears. They were running, and they passed him. Their noses and mouths were covered with blood. He hurried on up the river, and went towards the village. It was gone! He hurried on. There among the houses all was in ruins. The path was covered with men’s blood. Every one had been killed. He climbed up to his cache, looking for a bear-skin. At length he found one, and brought it down, with the teeth that went with it. He dressed it; and when he had finished it, he put it on. It fitted him. The arms and legs were just right, but the neck was a little too small. He searched for a piece for it, and finally found a scrap and brought it down. It fitted exactly. Then he put on the skin, and went out wearing it. He rushed around the village. Then he went away. He came to the village; and there the men were, in the water. He stood looking down upon them, and pushed back the hood. “Come, now,” said he, “kill me also, for you killed all my neighbors!” Then he went up to one of them. They fought together, and at last he killed that one. Then he went to the other. So he killed them both. Then he went up the bank. “Well,” said he to his sister, “I have killed them. Don’t be sorry!”

How long they staid there I don’t know. One day he said to his sister, “Your house is to be out there-,” and he became a fox, and the woman became a mink, and they went into the mountains and made a house. The end.


Running and expanding this site requires resources: from maintaining our digital platform to sourcing and curating new content. With your help, we can grow our collection, improve accessibility, and bring these incredible narratives to an even wider audience. Your sponsorship enables us to keep the world’s stories alive and thriving. ♦ Visit our Support page

The young man and the Dog-Sisters

In a village, a young man refused to marry, despite the persistent advances of many local girls. They offered him food and performed chores for his mother, but he remained uninterested, often reacting harshly to their gestures. Frustrated by their persistence, he continued to reject their efforts, expressing his desire to remain single and free from their attentions.

Source: 
Ten’a Texts and Tales
(from Anvik, Alaska)
by John W. Chapman
The American Ethnological Society
Publications, Volume 6 (ed. Franz Boas)
E.J. Brill, Leyden, 1914


► Themes of the story

Supernatural Beings: The young man’s wives are supernatural entities, specifically dog spirits.

Love and Betrayal: The young man forms a bond with his wives, but upon discovering their true nature, feels betrayed.

Forbidden Knowledge: The revelation of the wives’ true identities as dog spirits represents hidden truths coming to light.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about Koyukon people


There was a village where there lived a young man who would not get married. So the girls were all after him, and he kept close to his place at the back of the common room (kashime).

Now, there were some girls living in a big house close to the kashime; and there were so many of them, that the house was full. These girls washed their hair and put on their fine parkas, and put food into beautiful bowls, and took it into the kashime to give to the Tri’gudihltu’xun. One of them went ahead, carrying her bowl, and this one went in first. So then she took it and held it out to him, and he snatched it and flung it back at her, and the food flew all over her.

► Continue reading…

The bowl flew up into the air and fell on the ground, and the girl gathered up the food that had fallen and went out crying. Meanwhile the rest of the girls were waiting in the entrance, holding their bowls. One by one they went in to him, but it did them no good. They did the same thing, and at last he had thrown back the bowls of every one of them. They went out crying, and it ended by their going back to their house. Thought the young man, “It makes my head ache to have them act this way. If I were going to marry them, wouldn’t I have married them already?” The men that were in the kashime went out one by one, and at length he was left alone; and then he left too, and went to his parents” house. He went to see his mother; and when he entered the house, he looked, and there were all the buckets and bowls filled with water. Everything was full. It was those girls, who had been bringing water for the young man’s mother. They were so anxious to have her give him to them, that they were ready to do anything for her. He spoke to his mother, and asked her for some water. “There is some,” said she, “out there on the floor. Help yourself.” He went over to get it. “Who brought, this?” said he. “Oh, your little cousins over there brought it for me,” said she. “What did you ask them to do that for?” said he. “I don’t want any of their water. Tell them not to get any more for you.” Then he took the water and threw it over the bank, bowls and all. “Where is the water that you brought?” said he. “There it is, over there,” said she. “Are you sure that this is what you brought?” said he. “That’s what I got today with a good deal of trouble,” said she. So he drank the water; and she gave him some food, and he ate it. “Don’t you think,” said his mother — “Say, why don’t you — Don’t you think it would be a good thing for you to get somebody to help me? You can see that I am getting rather poorly.” “What are you bothering me for?” said he. “I shall do just as I think best. You make me tired.”

So he left the house and went into the kashime, and went to bed. In the early morning he woke up and put on his things to go after deer. He killed a deer, and came back and went into his mother’s house, and she gave him something to eat; and afterward he went into the kashime again, and sat down in his own place. Over in their own house the girls washed their hair and put on their best clothes, and put some food into bowls and went over to the kashime to see the young man. Then one of them went in, and crossed over and stood in front of him with her bowl; and he snatched it away and threw it back at her. She put the food back into the bowl, crying. The rest of them did the same thing. Every one of them went in to him. They went out without his having taken the bowl from any of them. “I don’t like to have them do as they are doing to me,” said he as they went out.

In the course of time the summer came around, and it looked as though the salmon-run was about to begin; and the young man took his canoe and went off for fishtrap material. He put off southward, and paddled a day’s journey down the river. He kept looking toward the shore. He looked, and there was a big drift-log lying in the edge of the water. It was cracked. He got out and went to it, and cut it off with his stone axe, and began to split it. He halved it and began to split up one of the sides, and then took a rest. Then he happened to look toward the root, and there were two masks hanging on it, — two good-for-nothing-looking little masks. Thought the young fellow, “How did those things come to be there?” He went to them; and when he reached them, he put out his hand to take them, when all at once the root vanished.

Then he felt a strong desire to go up the bank, and up he went. And as he was going, lo! down at his feet he saw a path, and this he followed. Back from the river stood a wretched little house. He went towards it and reached the door. Lo! hanging there on each side of the door were those masks, the same that had been hanging on the root down at the river. There they hung on each side of the door. They were the very same that he had seen down below. “Suppose I go inside,” thought he, and he went to go in. He stepped inside, although it was a wretchedly poor house. As he entered, he looked across the room. There was some one scowling at him. He looked across in another direction. There was some one growling at him. Two ragged, dried-up women were there. They were clothed in filthy dog-skins. Their mittens and their boots and their parkas were all made of dog-skin. They wore no fur at all. There was nothing whatever in the house but filth. There was not even clothing”. He went to the back of the room and sat down. There was not even a bowl. “What a miserable place I have gotten into!” he thought. Then from the front corners of the room they spoke to him. “What’s he doing over there?” they said. “It was because of our willing it, that you came to us,” said they. Now you sha’n’t get away from us.” Then they took off the curtain from the smokehole, and made a fire. After that they put a piece of a pot by the side of the fire and put something into it; and after they had done their cooking, they put on the curtain and began to eat. They put some food on a ladle and tossed it to him. “Eat that!” they said. “I don’t believe I want anything to eat,” said he. “Maybe you wouldn’t mind eating what is worse than you are yourselves. What kind of food do you eat, then?” said one of them. “Well, my mother did not bring me up on such stuff as that,” said he. Now, the mess of salmon tails and fins that they had cooked was full of filth and dirt; so he thought, “I might just as well die here.” They said nothing more to him, and he sat still where he was.

After a while the women made ready for the night. They made all their preparations; and one of them picked up her bed and took it over and placed it by the side of the other one. “Come,” said they, “come over here by us!” “I’m not going over by you,” said he. Then all at once they rushed at him and caught him, and threw him down in their place. They tickled him, and he began to scream. When they had finished, he was in pain from the scratching that they had given him; but he got to sleep. So he slept, and at length he awoke. It had been light for a long time, and the women were gone. He tried to get out of the house, but could not. The doorway leading to the outside was closed up. He tried with all his might to push out, but could not. The hole overhead was closed, too. At last he gave it up and sat down. He looked back into the dark corners of the room, and saw quantities of human bones. “This was what my mother warned me about,” thought he. “Well, I’ve done it. I had my own way, and wouldn’t listen to advice.” There he remained until it began to grow dark, and then from the outside there was a sound as though some one had let fall the butt of a tree. The earth shook, and soon afterward the door opened. You see they had put a big root against the door. The two women came in, and, sure enough, both of them were carrying salmon-tails. They made a fire and boiled the tails, and then they threw him some more of the stuff upon a ladle. “Do I eat such stuff as that,” said he, “that you treat me so?” “Is there anything such as you fancy for you to eat?” said they. He sat still without eating, “it will be long enough before the one that talks that way gets anything to eat,” said they. “Did I tell you that I was hungry, that you offered me something to eat?” said he.

After a while they got ready for bed; and, just as they had done the day before, they threw him down in their place, and tickled him again. When they had got through, he was covered with blood. So he woke up the next day, but there was no getting out. Already the door and the window were closed. SQ he spent the day there. Three days he spent there without anything to eat or drink. There he was all day, when the root that covered the smoke-hole slid aside, and a stunningly pretty woman in a fine marten-skin parka put her face down inside the hole. “Is your breath in you still?” said she. “Yes,” said he. “I thought perhaps it was all over,” said she. “You ate their food, perhaps?” — “No,” said he. “Well, if you had eaten their food, you would not have been seen on the earth again,” said she. “It was because they did not like the idea of giving you up, that they kept you four days; and it is because I do not like the idea of giving you up, that I have told you about it.” Then she reached down a little bowl with some water in it. “Here,” said she, “drink this!” Then she took it back, and reached him down a little slice of meat and a little fat. “Here,” said she, “refresh yourself with this! Now, when they come back, if they ask you whether you have been talking with anybody, tell them that there is no one but rats in the house to talk with. Tell them like this, too. Tell them that when you and your little sister used to go around the edge of Ti’gutruxa’n’no’, you used to get ripe dewberries. Now it’s time for them to come, and I am going.” Then she threw down the big root upon the hole, and turned away and vanished.

He waited there, and by and by the ground shook, and the two came in. There they were, with their salmon tails. “It looks as though some one had been talking with you and telling you something,” said they. “Why should I have any talking to do,” said he, “that you say that to me? What is there for me to talk about when I am all alone?” “It looks as though you had been talking, though,” said they. “Well, then, you blatherskites, all I said was for you to let me alone.” “Ah!” said they. Then they took off the curtain and made the fire, and put the pot to boil. Afterward they covered up the smoke-hole and began to eat. They tossed him some food on a ladle. “I’m not going to eat,” said the young man. By and by he said, “Whenever I used to go around Ti’gutruxa’n’no’ with my little sister, we used to get ripe dewberries.” “How did he find out what you are talking about?” said they.

Those women were angry. They got ready for bed, and they almost killed the young man. His body was all covered with blood. So then he went to sleep. He slept; and when he woke up, they were gone. Now, they say, he was all bones. He arose, but he had no strength. There he staid that day; and by and by there was a jarring-sound overhead, and at the great root that covered the hole a woman put her face down, the same one who had appeared the day before. “Is your life in you yet?” said she. “Yes,” said he. “Well,” said she, “when they bring you the dewberries, eat them, and afterwards say this: ‘These Ti’gutruxa’n’no’ berries that I am eating, I wish I could have some more of them tomorrow evening.’ They will barely spare you one night, and the next day at evening they will kill you.” So then she reached him down the little bowl of water, and a little meat and fat. “That is the way that they always do,” said she. “They always catch men and kill them. Some they spare a couple of days. It was because they did not like to give you up, that they kept you four days. I must go,” said she, and she disappeared.

There he remained; and when it grew dark, the two women came back. When they came in, each was carrying a bowl. Again they did their cooking, and afterwards they put on the curtain and began to eat. Then they took the berries over and gave them to him, and he ate them. When he had finished, he gave them back the bowl. “I tell you,” said he, “I wish that I could have some of the Ti’gutruxa’n’no’ whitefish to eat tomorrow evening! If I had, I could get to sleep.” It made them angry because he said that, and they jerked their shoulders. So they got ready for bed, and they nearly killed him. He slept and woke up, and they were gone. There he remained that day, and he heard -a noise overhead. It was the same woman. “It is a sure thing that they are going to kill you this evening,” said she. “I am going to save you, because I am sorry for you. Am I doing it to you for any one else? It is for my own sake that I am doing it to you. Come,” said she, “hurry!” At that he climbed up to her, and she took hold of him and pulled him out. Then she took him by the waist and whirled around with him; and he lost his senses, as if he had fallen asleep.

Now he hears something. He hears something, and it seems to him as if he had made a leap and landed somewhere. When he could see, the sun was shining. He looked around. What a quantity of meat he saw! That woman came over to him. There was a pond, with many villages at its end. They came to the woman’s village. There they saw a medium-sized baidara turned upsidedown. She undressed and bathed him, and put on him a change of clothing.

Now, at dusk, they say, those two creatures came home. They entered, and looked for him, but he was gone. Then they began to search for him. “You ought to have staid with him,” they said to each other. Each one said that the other should have staid. They began to cry and scream. They did not finish fighting until both were covered with blood, because they wanted the man so badly. One of them started southward, and the other northward, looking for him. They made this agreement. “You shall sleep twice, and I will also sleep twice -, and then, if we find him, we shall meet on the same day.” Thus they said to each other. So the one who spoke turned to go, and the other one also, and they were gone.

It had been agreed at last that it was to be four nights before they were to meet. Then the day arrived when they were to meet, and they stood face to face, and came to themselves. “He is “gone,” they said to each other. Again they began to fight and drag each other around by the hair. “Come, let us look for him again!” they said to each other. One said, “I will look for him down in the earth.” The other said, “I will look for him up in the sky. Let it be four days again; and if he is still lost on the fifth day, we will meet again,” they said to each other. So one was lost to view in the earth, and the other in the sky.

At last the four days were gone that they were to be away; and on the day when they had agreed to meet, they came home. Still they could not find him. So then each (?) one of them went looking for him, back from the river. As one of them was going along, she came to a pond. Right there was a medium-sized baidara turned bottom-up. She broke into a run and set up a scream. “Even though they lived a long way off, they are the ones that we have been hunting for very hard, the ones we have been looking for,” said she. So the two went toward the house. They reached it, and said, “What did you take our husband away from us for?” and they began to fight with the woman. When they had begun to fight, she banged them together. Then they began to fight with each other of their own accord. They came to their senses a little, and there they were fighting together of their own accord; while the man and woman were laughing instead of fighting, because they were such a funny sight. At last the woman became angry and killed them, and put them into the fire; and there that couple lived, summer and winter.

So, then, at last that is fenced off.


Running and expanding this site requires resources: from maintaining our digital platform to sourcing and curating new content. With your help, we can grow our collection, improve accessibility, and bring these incredible narratives to an even wider audience. Your sponsorship enables us to keep the world’s stories alive and thriving. ♦ Visit our Support page