The Story of Juan Siis and the Cheils

Juan Siis, a boy living with his grandmother, yearned for rich food prepared for priests. A supernatural encounter led him to the Chich, who nursed him for three days, granting him the power to transform into a jaguar. Initially helping his village, he became ferocious, devouring livestock and even his grandmother. Living in the forest, he hunted for hunters and outwitted cannibalistic Cheils, ensuring his companions’ safety.

Source
Ethnology of the Mayas of
Southern and Central British Honduras
by John Eric Thompson
Field Museum of Natural History
Anthropological Series, Pub.274, Vol.17.2
Chicago, 1930


► Themes of the story

Trickster: Juan Siis uses cunning to outsmart the cannibalistic Cheils, protecting his companions.

Conflict with Nature: As a jaguar, Juan Siis embodies the wild, creating tension between his human origins and animal instincts.

Forbidden Knowledge: Juan’s desire for the priests’ rich food leads him to acquire hidden, transformative abilities.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about Maya people


There was a boy who used to live with his grandmother. He used to go out to cut firewood close to the church, where he would smell the rich food that was being prepared for the priest. He wanted to taste it, and kept muttering to himself, “I wish I could eat that nice food.”

One day the messenger of the Mam appeared to him and asked him why he was always muttering to himself. The boy explained that he wanted to eat all that fine food, whereupon the messenger told him to shut his eyes. When he opened them again, he was in the room of Chich (Tsits).

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The Chichs are the wives of the Mams, and they are full-breasted. The Chich asked him his trouble, and when the boy explained, she told him that he must suckle at her breast for three days. The boy did so, and at the end of the three days Chich told him to throw himself on the ground. He did so and immediately turned into a jaguar. When he threw himself down again, he turned back into a boy. The Chich said to him, “Now you can get all the food you want,” and sent him back to the world. The boy’s name was Juan Siis, which is a Kekchi word meaning “coati.” That evening his grandmother cooked him food, but he said he did not want to eat cooked food, only raw meat. He told his grandmother he was going to play, and throwing himself on the ground, he turned into a jaguar. His grandmother was very frightened and called all the neighbors, but when they arrived, Juan Siis had already turned back into a boy. He began to catch and eat fowls, hogs, etc., and then, becoming more ferocious, ate up his own grandmother. After that he went away to live in the forest. One day in the forest he met three men. They told him that they were out hunting, but could find nothing. Juan Siis told them he would kill meat for them, and bid them follow him. At sunset they built a camp, and after dark Juan Siis went out hunting. Just before dawn the hunters heard the roar of the jaguar and Juan Siis reappeared in camp with several peccary. Next day he said to the hunters, “Let us go and visit my friends, the Cheils.”

The hunters did not want to go. “They are bad men,” they said. “They will eat us.” Juan Siis promised that no harm would befall them. They arrived at the home of the Cheils and entering sat down. The children of the Cheils were playing round, and scratching the bare legs of the hunters, they drew blood. The Cheils, smelling the blood, wanted to eat them. They asked Juan Siis to give them the hunters to eat, but the jaguar man refused them. Again they asked for the hunters. Juan Siis said, “I will give them to you, but you must beat me in play first of all.”

There was a large gombolimbo tree (tsikqa) close by. Juan Siis climbed up the tree to the first big branch, and then dived head down to the ground unscathed. He said to the Cheils, “You must do that too if you want my friends.”

At last one Cheil climbed up in the tree, but diving down broke his neck, and the rest were afraid to try the trick. Juan Siis next jumped over twelve hills (caves). “Now you must do that if you want those men,” he said. None of the Cheils could jump that far. Juan Siis told the three hunters to go away and take the peccary he had hunted with them.


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Cheil or Chol

Two Kekchi men encountered two Chols who warned them about the dangerous Xacampach, a group of long-eared, cannibalistic people preparing for a feast. The Chols, claiming shared identity as Indians, urged the Kekchis not to proceed. Instead, they magically transported the Kekchis back to their home in Cajabon when the men closed their eyes, avoiding the peril ahead.

Source
Ethnology of the Mayas of
Southern and Central British Honduras
by John Eric Thompson
Field Museum of Natural History
Anthropological Series, Pub.274, Vol.17.2
Chicago, 1930


► Themes of the story

Trickster: The Chols use cunning and possibly supernatural means to outsmart potential threats and protect the Kekchi men.

Conflict with Nature: The journey of the Kekchi men through dangerous territories reflects a struggle against natural and human threats.

Sacred Spaces: The return to their home in Cajabon can be seen as a retreat to a place of safety and spiritual significance.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about Maya people


Two Kekchis men were walking along when they met a couple of good Chols sitting by the roadside. The two Kekchis were going to kill the Chols, but the latter said, “Don’t kill us, we are harmless. We are of the same race as you. We are Indians. If you go on along that road, you will meet the bad Chols, who are called Xacampach, and live by the sea. They are getting ready for their big fiesta, and if you go there, they will kill and eat you. They are bad people. Their ears are very long, and at night they lie down and sleep on them. They are not Indians. Close your eyes now, and we will take you back to your home.” The two Kekchis did so, and when they opened their eyes a moment later, they were back in Cajabon.

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The Cheils (Chol)

Juan Siis, a young man, encountered a group of Chols in the bush and rallied his friends to confront them. Using magic, Juan turned into a tree and captured a Chol, sparking a battle. Afterward, they agreed to a contest of tricks. Juan’s impressive feat of climbing a tree head downward intimidated the Chols, and when they refused further tricks, he transformed them into trees.

Source
Ethnology of the Mayas of
Southern and Central British Honduras
by John Eric Thompson
Field Museum of Natural History
Anthropological Series, Pub.274, Vol.17.2
Chicago, 1930


► Themes of the story

Trickster: Juan Siis embodies the trickster archetype, using cunning and magic to outwit the Chols during their encounters.

Cunning and Deception: The narrative centers on a contest of tricks, where both Juan Siis and the Chols employ cunning and magical feats to outdo each other.

Divine Punishment: When the Chols refuse to continue the contest, Juan Siis punishes them by transforming them into trees, reflecting a form of retribution for their non-compliance.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about Maya people


There was once a young man called Juan Siis (Kekchi for the pisote or coati). One day in the bush he came across a party of Cheil (Chol in Kekchi). He got all his friends, and they went off to try and kill all those Chols. When Juan Siis got close to where the Chols lived, he turned himself into a tree. Soon a Choi came along close to the tree. Juan Siis put out his arms and caught the Chol. The Chol called out, and all the other Chols came running up. Soon a regular battle was going on between the Chols and Juan Siis and his friends. The Chols were armed with bows and arrows, boomerangs and top slings. After fighting some time, the Chols begged for peace.

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“All right,” said Juan Siis. “Let us see who can do the best tricks.”

The Chols then went to a big gombolimbo tree (tsikqa) and climbed up it. Then they turned till they were head downward, and in that position climbed down the tree.

Then Juan Siis went to the tree and climbed both up and down head downward, and the Chols were afraid of his magic, and refused to do any more tricks. Juan Siis told them they must, and as they still refused, he turned them into trees.


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Around the Camp Fire

A group of men spent the night at old forest houses, witnessing a bizarre procession of animals, from a rat to larger creatures, somersaulting through their campfire. The spectacle culminated with men running through the fire. Terrified, they took refuge on a hut roof as the animals attempted to destroy it. By morning, the eerie events left no trace, deepening the mystery.

Source
Ethnology of the Mayas of
Southern and Central British Honduras
by John Eric Thompson
Field Museum of Natural History
Anthropological Series, Pub.274, Vol.17.2
Chicago, 1930


► Themes of the story

Sacred Spaces: The old houses in the forest and the campfire setting may hold spiritual significance, serving as a backdrop for the mystical events.

Illusion vs. Reality: The travelers experience bizarre and terrifying events that leave no trace by morning, blurring the line between what is real and what might be an illusion.

Forbidden Knowledge: The men’s decision to spend the night in the old forest houses leads them to witness mysterious occurrences, suggesting they have stumbled upon hidden or forbidden aspects of the supernatural world.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about Maya people


Not so very long ago a party of men arrived at a group of old houses in the forest. They decided to spend the night there. After they had eaten, they sat around the camp fire a short while. Suddenly a rat ran forward, turned a somersault in the fire, and continued on its journey. It was followed by a rabbit that went through the same motions. There followed a regular procession of animals, each one larger than the preceding one. All turned a somersault in the fire and then ran on. Finally, men came running through the fire. The travellers, thoroughly frightened, took refuge on the roof of the hut. The animals tried to cut down the house-posts to bring down the roof. They did not succeed, and in the morning there was no sign of what had happened.

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How Fire Was Brought

Long ago, a community lacked fire, while their neighbors across a river refused to share it. Despite numerous failed attempts to steal fire, a clever dog succeeded. The dog swam across the river with a black-wax candle, lit it stealthily, and returned safely, bringing fire to his people. From that day forward, they never lacked fire again.

Source
Ethnology of the Mayas of
Southern and Central British Honduras
by John Eric Thompson
Field Museum of Natural History
Anthropological Series, Pub.274, Vol.17.2
Chicago, 1930


► Themes of the story

Trickster: The dog embodies the trickster archetype, using cunning to outsmart the neighboring community and acquire fire.

Origin of Things: The narrative explains the origin of fire among the people, detailing how they came to possess it.

Cunning and Deception: The dog’s success relies on stealth and deception to achieve the goal of bringing fire to its people.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about Maya people


Once upon a time the people had no fire. On the edge of the land where they lived was a big river, and across the river were folk who had fire. Nevertheless, those that had the fire refused to give any to those that had not; and, although the latter had made many attempts to steal some, these attempts always ended in failure. At last they decided to send over a dog. The dog swam across with a black-wax candle, and when no one was looking, he stole up to the fire and lit the candle. The dog raced off before he could be caught and, swimming back across the river, he brought the candle safely alight to the people. Since then they have never been without fire.

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A Creation Myth

The Creator fashioned men from mud while distracting the jaguar with a leaking calabash to fetch water. Despite the jaguar’s efforts, the Creator completed thirteen men and twelve guns. When the jaguar demanded the dog as prey, the Creator demonstrated man’s superiority using the guns. After being wounded twice, the jaguar learned to respect humans and dogs, retreating to live in the bush.

Source
Ethnology of the Mayas of
Southern and Central British Honduras
by John Eric Thompson
Field Museum of Natural History
Anthropological Series, Pub.274, Vol.17.2
Chicago, 1930


► Themes of the story

Creation: The narrative explains how humans were created from mud by the Creator.

Trickster: The Creator uses cunning by giving the jaguar a leaking calabash, distracting him during the creation of humans.

Conflict with Nature: The story depicts a confrontation between humans (and their creations) and the jaguar, a powerful natural predator.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about Maya people


The Creator decided to make men, for the jaguar already existed. He took mud and started to fashion men, but the jaguar was watching, and he did not wish him to see how man was made.

Therefore he sent him to the river to fetch some water, giving him a jar and a calabash with holes in it to scoop the water out of the river. In this way he hoped to have time to make the men, while the jaguar was vainly endeavoring to fill the jar with the leaking calabash. The jaguar tried and tried to fill the jar, but did not succeed. Then the frog called out to him, “Chohac, Chohac, Chohac! Put mud over the holes.”

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The jaguar did so, but by the time he had filled the jar and taken it back, the Creator had already made thirteen men of mud and twelve guns. As the jaguar came up, he saw that the Creator was making a dog too out of mud.

“That animal is going to be for me to eat,” he said.

“No,” said the Creator. “The dog is to be the servant of man and these guns, further, will teach you to respect him.”

“I am not afraid of the gun,” replied the jaguar. “I’ll catch the shots that are fired at me.”

“All right, let’s see,” said the Creator, and he made the jaguar stand some way away, and then one of the newly created men fired at him, wounding him in the paw. The man bandaged up the wound. Again the jaguar said, “The dog is for me.”

But man said, “No,” and sent the dog after the jaguar and drove it up into a tree, and again shot him in the paw. “Now you have learned your lesson that you must not eat man or dog. The other animals you can eat. Go away and live in the bush.”


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The Story of the Chac

A man encounters a mischievous Mahanamatz who tricks him into climbing a tree, leaving him stranded. Various animals refuse to help until a coati assists, but the man breaks their trust. Chac, the rain god, rescues the man repeatedly despite his disobedience, giving him self-replenishing honey and wax. When the man’s wife secretly follows him to Chac’s realm, they both vanish into a mysterious wind due to their transgression.

Source
Ethnology of the Mayas of
Southern and Central British Honduras
by John Eric Thompson
Field Museum of Natural History
Anthropological Series, Pub.274, Vol.17.2
Chicago, 1930


► Themes of the story

Trickster: The Mahanamatz deceives the man, leading him into a perilous situation.

Divine Intervention: Chac, the rain god, repeatedly rescues the man, providing him with self-replenishing honey and wax.

Forbidden Knowledge: The man’s wife secretly follows him to the divine realm, leading to unforeseen consequences.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about Maya people


A man once went out to get some wax from a hive to make candles for a ceremony he was going to celebrate. He found a tree with a hive in it and climbed up, after first placing a leaf on the ground at the base of the tree to receive the honey and wax when it dropped down. As he was getting the honey, a Mahanamatz [a gorilla-like mythical animal] came along and asked the man to give him some honey. The man thought the Mahanamatz was a human, and told him to take the honey if he liked, but to leave all the wax as he wanted it for a ceremony. When he climbed down from the tree, he found that the Mahanamatz had eaten all the honey and the wax, too, which he had thrown down.

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The man was very annoyed and asked the Mahanamatz why he had eaten the wax as well. However, the Mahanamatz offered to show him another tree where plenty more wax could be obtained. They walked off through the forest, and on the way the man noticed that his companion’s big toe was turned backward, and by that he knew that he was a Mahanamatz, and was very frightened. They came to a large ceiba (yastse). The Mahanamatz told the man to climb up into the tree, which he did, but as soon as he began to cut the tree to get at the hive, the tree began to grow taller and taller. The man was unable to climb down. Then the Mahanamatz laughed, saying that in three days he would return to eat him. And then he went away. Later a small deer (yuk), passed by.

“Small deer, help me,” cried the man. “Help me to climb out of this tall tree.”

“Why should I help you,” replied the deer, “since you killed all my uncles and family?” And he went away.

A little later a peccary passed by. The man asked his help, but was again refused on the same grounds. Next a wild boar was asked for his aid and also refused. At last just before the Mahanamatz was going to return to eat him, a coati or pisote (chiic, tsiik) came along. The coati agreed to help him to get down from the tree, provided the man would give him as payment two milpas of new corn. The man agreed and the coati went away to fetch his comrades, returning later with a large number of them. By catching hold of each other’s tails with their front paws, they made a living chain which reached from the man down to the ground. Then they told the man to climb down over them, but to take care not to put his weight on any of the pregnant females. When the man had nearly reached the ground, he put his weight on a female and she fell to the ground, breaking the living rope.

The chief coati was very vexed and told the others to put the man back once more at the top of the tree. But the man heard it and jumped to the ground. The man led the coatis to the milpa of Chac, the rain god. As he was going along, the Mahanamatz came running after him in pursuit, and the coatis, giving him one of their incisor teeth, hid him in the hollow trunk of a tree. There the Mahanamatz found him and put out his tongue to get him, but the man plunged the incisor tooth into the tongue, nailing it to the tree trunk, and fled on. He ran on till he came to three fences which he jumped over and arrived at the house of Chac. The Chac was playing on his musical bow (tinkan, or pastse). A few moments later the Mahanamatz, who had wrenched his tongue free, arrived at Chac’s house in pursuit.

“Give me this man as food, or I will eat you,” he roared at Chac.

However, Chac called the jaguar and puma, and they caught the Mahanamatz and tore him to pieces.

Chac told the man that he could stay there as his servant. One day Chac sent him to pull up chicam (tsikam, jicama), telling him in no case to look underneath the root. The man went out and started to pull up the jicamas. After a time he felt curious to know what there could be underneath the root that Chac forbid him to look. Accordingly he looked underneath the next root he pulled up, and there below he saw the world and right underneath him his brother and his wife. They appeared so near that the man decided to make a rope and let himself down to earth. Accordingly he made himself a long rope and tying one end round the trunk of a tree and the other round his waist began to let himself down. But the rope, although it was long, did not reach to within miles of the earth, and the man found himself there unable to climb up again. The wind swayed him about at the end of the rope, and he was very frightened. Later Chac, noticing that he had not returned, went out to look for him. Finding him hanging there on the end of the rope ‘twixt heaven and earth, he hauled him up and gave him a severe scolding.

Another day Chac sent the man to fetch some pawpaws (put), telling him on no account to cut down any except those that were small. The man went away and, seeing a small pawpaw tree, decided that the fruit was not large enough. Consequently he cut down the largest pawpaw he could see. The tree fell on him, growing as it fell, and he was unable to get out from under it. There some hours later Chac found him and again scolded him. Chac told the man that if he wanted any tortillas to ask the metate for them, but under no circumstances to ask for more than one. One day the man was hungry and went to the metate and asked for a number of tortillas. Enormous tortillas rained down upon him and buried him under their mass. Chac extracted him after again scolding him. One day Chac told him to clean the house, the table and the qaantse (wooden benches), as he was going to make a feast and was expecting guests. The man thoroughly cleaned the house, but returning later found many frogs (muts) seated on the benches. Annoyed that they had come in to dirty the place after he had cleaned it, he began to drive them out with his broom. Later Chac inquired if the guests and the musicians had arrived, as it was past the time for the feast.

The man answered, “No, no guests have arrived yet. The only thing was that a big crowd of frogs came into the house just after I got it all clean and tidy.”

“Well,” said Chac, “those were my musicians and guests.”

The man thought that he would like to play at being Chac, so he watched how Chac dressed himself when he went out to do his work. One night when Chac was asleep, he took his clothes, his windbag and water-calabash (tsu), his axe and his drum. Then he went out and let loose the winds. The winds went screeching off, and the man, who had not the strength of Chac, could not shut them up again. A terrific storm rushed down upon the world. Then he took the calabash to make rain. Now, by pouring out four fingers of water, Chac used to cause a heavy rain. The man upset the whole calabash, and torrents of rain poured down on the earth. He began to beat on the drum, which causes the thunder, but when he tried to stop it, he couldn’t. In his effort to stop the thunder the rain and the winds, the man fell into the sea. When Chac woke up, there were no signs of his clothes and his instruments, and the man had disappeared too. He went to one of the other Chacs, for they are very numerous, and borrowed his clothes and his windbag and went out to stop the rain, and put the winds back in their bag and stop the beating of the drum. When he had controlled the storm, he went out in search of the man. At last he found him broken into many pieces; for the black wind, which is the biggest of all the winds, had utterly smashed him. Nine times Chac made passes over the body and revived him. When they got back to Chac’s home, he told the man that he could not stay there any longer, as he was always getting into trouble. He gave him a calabash full of honey and a bag of black wax, which would always replenish themselves. Then he took him back to earth.

“If you want to come and see me again here is the trail, but you must not bring anyone with you,” Chac told him on parting.

The man promised, and then returned home to his wife. His wife was very anxious to know where he had been, but he told her that he had been to visit his grandfather. She also became curious about the never-ending supply of honey and wax. One day the man decided to visit Chac, but he told his wife that he was going to visit his grandfather. She asked him to take her with him, but he refused. Accordingly, when he went off, his wife, who suspected him, followed him secretly. When the man arrived at Chac’s house, the god said to him, “Why do you bring somebody with you?” But the man said that he had come alone. “But I know you are not alone,” Chac replied, and at that moment the man’s wife, who had been following him, arrived. Chac, who was very vexed, started to question her. “What have you there?” he asked, pointing at her hair. “Hair,” the woman replied. Chac asked her the names of all the parts of her body from her head to her waist. Each time the woman answered correctly. Then Chac asked her what she called her genital organs. As the woman was about to reply, there came a great wind, which swept the woman and her husband off into space.


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The Man Who Ate the Snake

A skilled hunter once ate snake meat despite his friends’ warnings. Consumed by unquenchable thirst, he sought water at a river where the Mam, a supernatural force, captured him. His friends and wife pleaded for his release, burning copal, but the Mam refused. Bound to a mountain ever since, his fate serves as a warning against defying sacred taboos.

Source
Ethnology of the Mayas of
Southern and Central British Honduras
by John Eric Thompson
Field Museum of Natural History
Anthropological Series, Pub.274, Vol.17.2
Chicago, 1930


► Themes of the story

Divine Punishment: The hunter’s transgression of eating forbidden snake meat results in his capture and eternal imprisonment by the Mam, exemplifying retribution from higher powers for breaking taboos.

Forbidden Knowledge: The hunter’s curiosity and desire to experience the taste of snake meat, despite warnings, lead him to forbidden actions with dire consequences.

Moral Lessons: The narrative imparts a cautionary tale about respecting cultural taboos and the consequences of defying sacred prohibitions.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about Maya people


Once there was a man who was a very good shot and, whenever he went into the forest, he always shot something. One day he went out with three friends to hunt, and seeing a large snake, he shot it. He said to his friends, “I have eaten every kind of meat except that of snake, so now I’m going to try this snake. It must be good.”

His comrades told him that he must not eat it, but the man cut off a large piece, and taking it home he ate it. Shortly afterwards he was overtaken with great thirst, drinking up every drop of water that there was in the house.

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As his thirst was still unassuaged, he went down to the river to get some water. There he came face to face with the Mam who carried him away. Next day his comrades, missing him, searched and found his trail. They followed it to a large mountain, in the middle of which they saw the man imprisoned. They prayed to the Mam to release him, but without success. Next day his wife too came and burnt copal, but the Mam would not release him, and the man has remained there ever since; for the Mam have forbidden man to eat snake’s meat.


Running and expanding this site requires resources: from maintaining our digital platform to sourcing and curating new content. With your help, we can grow our collection, improve accessibility, and bring these incredible narratives to an even wider audience. Your sponsorship enables us to keep the world’s stories alive and thriving. ♦ Visit our Support page

A Story of the Creation

Adam, lonely in the garden, received a rooster, then a dog, but remained dissatisfied. God created Eve from Adam’s rib. A snake split its skin trying to climb the garden wall, marking snakes’ lifelong shedding. After leaving the garden, Adam struggled to clear land but feared bleeding trees. God’s messenger helped, planting maize and other crops through divine effort, establishing sustenance for humanity.

Source
Ethnology of the Mayas of
Southern and Central British Honduras
by John Eric Thompson
Field Museum of Natural History
Anthropological Series, Pub.274, Vol.17.2
Chicago, 1930


► Themes of the story

Creation: The narrative describes the origins of humanity, the formation of Eve from Adam’s rib, and the establishment of agriculture, detailing how the world and human life began.

Origin of Things: The tale explains natural phenomena, such as why snakes shed their skins, attributing it to the snake’s attempt to climb the garden wall and splitting its skin in the process.

Harmony with Nature: The story emphasizes the importance of understanding and working with the natural world, as seen when Adam learns to cultivate the land with divine guidance, leading to a fruitful and sustainable existence.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about Maya people


At first Adam was alone in the garden. He was lonely and wanted a partner and asked God for one. God gave him a rooster, but Adam complained that the rooster was never there. Then God sent him a dog. Adam still was not satisfied, saying that the dog could not talk except by wagging his tail. Then when he was sleeping, God took out one of his ribs and made Eve. There was a wall around the garden, and the snake, trying to get over the wall, split his skin. From that time snakes have always cast their skins. Adam and Eve left the garden and found a large stone house, where they lived. They had no machetes, and the only food to eat was tsib. Adam wanted to make a plantation.

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The messenger of God gave him an axe and a machete, telling him to fell the four trees that stood at the four corners of the plantation. When he went to cut down the first tree, the tree called out to him, “Don’t cut me down.”

Adam made a small cut, and blood started to come out of the tree. Adam was afraid and went away. Later the messenger came and asked him why he had not cut down the four trees. Adam told him what had happened, and that he was afraid, but the messenger replied, “That is the way all over the world.” The messenger then chopped down the four corner trees, one cut to each side of the trunk. When the four corner trees fell, all the other trees in the plantation fell as well. When the plantation was dry, Adam burnt it off, but he had no seed to sow. The messenger of God promised to sow it. He took a stick and sharpened the point. He took corn in one hand, and thrust the stick into the ground. He was sweating, so he took the sweat and threw it into the hole. Then he placed a little earth on top of the hole. In this way he made holes at all four corners of the plantation, and one in the center. At the end of a week the field was full of maize, beans, squashes and all the fruits of the world.


Running and expanding this site requires resources: from maintaining our digital platform to sourcing and curating new content. With your help, we can grow our collection, improve accessibility, and bring these incredible narratives to an even wider audience. Your sponsorship enables us to keep the world’s stories alive and thriving. ♦ Visit our Support page

A Creation Myth

This tale explains the origins of domestic animals and human fortune. The Mam offers a man herds of animals, but due to his poor choices—using weak lianas and failing to secure them—they escape. The Mam teaches him to pray instead. Another man, who ties animals properly, ensures their domestication. Descendants of the first man remain without herds, while those of the second enjoy wealth and animals.

Source
Ethnology of the Mayas of
Southern and Central British Honduras
by John Eric Thompson
Field Museum of Natural History
Anthropological Series, Pub.274, Vol.17.2
Chicago, 1930


► Themes of the story

Creation: The myth explains how domestic animals came to be and the origins of human fortune.

Origin of Things: It provides an explanation for the existence of domestic animals and the differing fortunes among people.

Cultural Heroes: The two men in the story serve as foundational figures whose actions explain cultural practices and societal structures.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about Maya people


After the sun and moon rose, there was a man on earth, and the Mam wanted to help him. He told him to sit on a bench, but the man sat on the floor. He told him to eat his food on a low bench, but the man took his food and ate it on the floor.

The Mam told him he would give him a tapir so that he could have a herd, and told him to get a rope to tie it. The man, instead of getting a rope, got some tietie (liana), and tied the tapir with that. Needless to say the tapir broke the thin tietie and escaped. Then the Mam said, “I am going to give you peccaries so that you may have a herd of them. Get some rope and tie their feet.”

► Continue reading…

The man again tied them with the thin tietie, and they escaped. Then the Mam told him to get rope to tie the deer, but the man caught it by the tail, and the tail breaking, the deer escaped. That is why the deer now has no tail. Then the Mam said to the man, “Now I can’t help you any more as you have let all the animals escape, but I will teach you how to pray and burn copal to the Morning Star, and then you will always have plenty of game.”

Now there was another man who tied all these different animals well, and that is why there are domestic animals in the world. These were the first men, and all the Indians are descended from them. Some are descended from the first, and have no domestic animals in herds. Others are descended from the second, and they are rich and have herds of animals.


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