The White Man and Snake

A White Man saves a trapped Snake under a stone, but Snake tries to bite him in return. Seeking justice, they consult Hyena, who sides with Snake, and Jackal, who demands proof. Recreating the scene, Jackal ensures Snake is re-trapped under the stone, advising the White Man not to help again, teaching a lesson about gratitude and consequences.

Source
South-African Folk Tales
by James A. Honey, M.D.
New York,1910


► Themes of the story

Moral Lessons: The narrative imparts a lesson about the consequences of helping others without discernment, highlighting the potential ingratitude and danger that may follow.

Trickster: The Jackal serves as the trickster figure, using intelligence and cunning to achieve a favorable outcome.

Conflict with Nature: The story depicts a direct conflict between man and a natural creature, emphasizing the unpredictable and sometimes perilous interactions between humans and animals.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about the Bushmen


A white man, it is said, met Snake upon whom a large stone had fallen and covered her so that she could not rise. The White Man lifted the stone off Snake, but when he had done so, she wanted to bite him. The White Man said, “Stop! let us both go first to some wise people.” They went to Hyena, and the White Man asked him, “Is it right that Snake should want to bite me, when I helped her as she lay under a stone and could not rise?” Hyena (who thought he would get his share of the White Man’s body) said, “If you were bitten what would it matter?”

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Then Snake wanted to bite him, but the White Man said again, “Wait a little, and let us go to other wise people, that I may hear whether this is right.”

They went and met Jackal. The White Man said to Jackal, “Is it right for Snake to want to bite me, when I lifted up the stone which lay upon her?”

Jackal replied, “I do not believe that Snake could be covered by a stone so she could not rise. Unless I saw it with my two eyes, I would not believe it. Therefore, come let us go and see the place where you say it happened whether it can be true.”

They went, and arrived at the place where it had happened. Jackal said, “Snake, lie down, and let thyself be covered.”

Snake did so, and the White Man covered her with the stone; but although she exerted herself very much, she could not rise. Then the White Man wanted again to release Snake, but Jackal interfered, and said, “Do not lift the stone. She wanted to bite you, therefore she may rise by herself.”

Then they both went away and left Snake under the stone.

Another version

A Dutchman was walking by himself and saw Snake lying under a large stone. Snake implored his help; but when she had become free she said, “Now I shall eat you.”

The Man answered, “That is not right. Let us first go to Hare.”

When Hare had heard the affair, he said, “It is right.”

“No,” said the Man, “let us ask Hyena.”

Hyena declared the same, saying, “It is right.”

“Now let us ask Jackal,” said the Man in his despair.

Jackal answered very slowly and considerately, doubting the whole affair, and demanding to see first the place, and whether the Man was able to lift the stone. Snake lay down, and the Man, to prove the truth of his account, put the stone again over her.

When she was fast, Jackal said, “Now let her lie there.”


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Jackal’s Bride

Jackal married Hyena and stole a cow from the ants for their wedding feast. While cooking, Lion tried to join but was tricked and fatally burned by Jackal. When the ants arrived seeking their cow, Jackal fled, leaving Hyena to be beaten. Mistaking them for Jackal, Hyena confronted them but realized the truth too late and fled in panic, narrowly escaping.

Source
South-African Folk Tales
by James A. Honey, M.D.
New York,1910


► Themes of the story

Trickster: Jackal embodies the trickster archetype, using cunning and deceit to achieve his goals, such as stealing a cow from the ants and deceiving Lion.

Good vs. Evil: The story contrasts the malicious actions of Jackal against the more innocent characters, illustrating the classic struggle between malevolent and benevolent forces.

Revenge and Justice: The ants’ pursuit of their stolen cow and the subsequent beating of Hyena reflect themes of retribution and the pursuit of justice for wrongdoings.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about the Bushmen


Jackal, it is said, married Hyena, and carried off a cow belonging to the ants, to slaughter her for the wedding; and when he had slaughtered her, he put the cowskin over his bride; and when he had fixed a pole (on which to hang the flesh), he placed on the top of the pole (which was forked) the hearth for the cooking, in order to cook upon it all sorts of delicious food. There came also Lion, and wished to go up. Jackal, therefore, asked his little daughter for a thong with which he could pull Lion up; and he began to pull him up; and when his face came near to the cooking-pot, he cut the thong in two, so that Lion tumbled down.

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Then Jackal upbraided his little daughter with these words: “Why do you give me such an old thong?” And he added, “Give me a fresh thong.” She gave him a new thong, and he pulled Lion up again, and when his face came near the pot, which stood on the fire, he said, “open your mouth.” Then he put into his mouth a hot piece of quartz which had been boiled together with the fat, and the stone went down, burning his throat. Thus died Lion.

There came also the ants running after the cow, and when Jackal saw them he fled. Then they beat the bride in her brookaross dress. Hyena, believing that it was Jackal, said:

“You tawny rogue! have you not played at beating long enough? Have you no more loving game than this?”

But when she had bitten a hole through the cowskin, she saw that they were other people; then she fled, falling here and there, yet made her escape.


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Lion’s Share

Lion and Jackal hunt together, but Jackal tricks Lion into believing he missed the game. Jackal secretly eats the best portion and manipulates Lion repeatedly, blaming others for his mischief. He deceives Lion into climbing a tower but drops him twice. Finally, Jackal feeds Lion a hot stone disguised as meat and escapes, leaving Lion injured and pleading for water.

Source
South-African Folk Tales
by James A. Honey, M.D.
New York,1910


► Themes of the story

Trickster: The Jackal embodies the trickster archetype, using cunning and deceit to manipulate the Lion for his own benefit.

Conflict with Authority: The Jackal challenges the Lion’s authority, undermining his leadership through subversive actions and manipulation.

Tragic Flaw: The Lion’s gullibility and overtrusting nature serve as his tragic flaws, leading to his repeated exploitation by the Jackal.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about the Bushmen


Lion and Jackal went together a-hunting. They shot with arrows. Lion shot first, but his arrow fell short of its aim; but Jackal hit the game, and joyfully cried out, “It has hit.”

Lion looked at him with his two large eyes; Jackal, however, did not lose his countenance, but said, “No, uncle, I mean to say that you have hit.” Then they followed the game, and Jackal passed the arrow of Lion without drawing the latter’s attention to it. When they arrived at a crossway, Jackal said: “Dear uncle, you are old and tired; stay here.”

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Jackal went then on a wrong track, beat his nose, and, in returning, let the blood drop from it like traces of game. “I could not find anything,” he said, “but I met with traces of blood. You had better go yourself to look for it. In the meantime I shall go this other way.”

Jackal soon found the killed animal, crept inside of it, and devoured the best portion; but his tail remained outside, and when Lion arrived, he got hold of it, pulled Jackal out, and threw him on the ground with these words: “You rascal!”

Jackal rose quickly again, complained of the rough handling, and asked, “What have I now done, dear uncle? I was busy cutting out the best part.”

“Now let us go and fetch our wives,” said Lion, but Jackal entreated his dear uncle to remain at the place because he was old. Jackal then went away, taking with him two portions of the flesh, one for his own wife, but the best part for the wife of Lion. When Jackal arrived with the flesh, the children of Lion, seeing him, began to jump, and clapping their hands, cried out: “There comes cousin with flesh!” Jackal threw, grumbling, the worst portion to them, and said, “There, you brood of the big-eyed one!” Then he went to his own house and told his wife immediately to break up the house, and to go where the killed game was. Lioness wished to do the same, but he forbade her, and said that Lion would himself come to fetch her.

When Jackal, with his wife and children, arrived in the neighborhood of the killed animal, he ran into a thorn bush, scratched his face so that it bled, and thus made his appearance before Lion, to whom he said, “Ah! what a wife you have got. Look here, how she scratched my face when I told her that she should come with us. You must fetch her yourself; I cannot bring her.” Lion went home very angry. Then Jackal said, “Quick, let us build a tower.” They heaped stone upon stone, stone upon stone, stone upon stone; and when it was high enough, everything was carried to the top of it. When Jackal saw Lion approaching with his wife and children, he cried out to him:

“Uncle, whilst you were away we have built a tower, in order to be better able to see game.”

“All right,” said Lion; “but let me come up to you.”

“Certainly, dear uncle; but how will you manage to come up? We must let down a thong for you.”

Lion tied the thong around his body and Jackal began drawing him up, but when nearly to the top Jackal cried to Lion, “My, uncle, how heavy you are!” Then, unseen by Lion, he cut the thong. Lion fell to the ground, while Jackal began loudly and angrily to scold his wife, and then said, “Go, wife, fetch me a new thong”–“an old one,” he said aside to her.

Lion again tied himself to the thong, and, just as he was near the top, Jackal cut the thong as before; Lion fell heavily to the bottom, groaning aloud, as he had been seriously hurt.

“No,” said Jackal, “that will never do: you must, however, manage to come up high enough so that you may get a mouthful at least.” Then aloud he ordered his wife to prepare a good piece, but aside he told her to make a stone hot, and to cover it with fat. Then he drew Lion up once more, and complaining how heavy he was to hold, told him to open his mouth, and thereupon threw the hot stone down his throat. Lion fell to the ground and lay there pleading for water, while Jackal climbed down and made his escape.


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Jackal and Monkey

Clever Jackal repeatedly stole lambs from a Boer’s kraal but was eventually caught in a trap. When Monkey mocked him, Jackal tricked Monkey into taking his place in the noose. As the Boer arrived, Jackal fled, leaving Monkey to face the blame. Despite Monkey’s protests, the Boer believed him guilty and tragically shot him, ensuring Jackal escaped unpunished.

Source
South-African Folk Tales
by James A. Honey, M.D.
New York,1910


► Themes of the story

Trickster: The Jackal embodies the trickster archetype, using cunning to deceive the Monkey into taking his place in the trap.

Revenge and Justice: The Monkey’s mockery leads to his downfall, suggesting a form of poetic justice where his actions result in dire consequences.

Good vs. Evil: The story contrasts the Jackal’s malicious intent with the Monkey’s naivety, illustrating the struggle between malevolent and innocent forces.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about the Bushmen


Every evening Jackal went to the Boer’s kraal. He crept through the sliding door and stole a fat young lamb. This, clever Jackal did several times in succession. Boer set a wip for him at the door. [Wip is a Dutch word for springle – a bent green stick, to which a noose is attached at one end; the trap is delicately adjusted by a cross stick, which when trod on releases the bent bough, pulling the noose quickly around the animal and into the air.] Jackal went again and zip – there he was caught around the body by the noose. He swung and swayed high in the air and couldn’t touch ground. The day began to dawn and Jackal became uneasy.

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On a stone kopje, Monkey sat. When it became light he could see the whole affair, and descended hastily for the purpose of mocking Jackal. He went and sat on the wall. “Ha, ha, good morning. So there you are hanging now, eventually caught.”

“What? I caught? I am simply swinging for my pleasure; it is enjoyable.”

“You fibber. You are caught in the wip.”

“If you but realized how nice it was to swing and sway like this, you wouldn’t hesitate. Come, try it a little. You feel so healthy and strong for the day, and you never tire afterwards.”

“No, I won’t. You are caught.”

After a while Jackal convinced Monkey. He sprang from the kraal wall, and freeing Jackal, adjusted the noose around his own body. Jackal quickly let go and began to laugh, as Monkey was now swinging high in the air.

“Ha, ha, ha,” he laughed. “Now Monkey is in the wip.”

“Jackal, free me,” he screamed.

“There, Boer is coming,” shouted Jackal.

“Jackal, free me of this, or I’ll break your playthings.”

“No, there Boer is coming with his gun; you rest a while in the noose.”

“Jackal, quickly make me free.”

“No, here’s Boer already, and he’s got his gun. Good morning.” And with these parting words he ran away as fast as he could. Boer came and saw Monkey in the wip.

“So, so, Monkey, now you are caught. You are the fellow who has been stealing my lambs, hey?”

“No, Boer, no,” screamed Monkey, “not I, but Jackal.”

“No, I know you; you aren’t too good for that.”

“No, Boer, no, not I, but Jackal,” Monkey stammered. “Oh, I know you. Just wait a little,” and Boer, raising his gun, aimed and shot poor Monkey dead.


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The Story of Lion and Little Jackal

Little Jackal and Lion form a hunting partnership, but Jackal cleverly deceives Lion multiple times to keep the spoils for himself. Jackal uses wit to escape Lion’s wrath, including tricking him with clever excuses, disguises, and traps. Despite Lion’s repeated efforts to catch him, Jackal always evades capture through quick thinking. Their rivalry continues as Jackal outsmarts Lion time and again, leaving him frustrated and defeated.

Source
South-African Folk Tales
by James A. Honey, M.D.
New York,1910


► Themes of the story

Good vs. Evil: The narrative portrays the ongoing struggle between the cleverness of Little Jackal and the brute strength of Lion, highlighting the conflict between intellect and power.

Trickster: Little Jackal embodies the trickster archetype, using his intelligence and cunning to manipulate situations to his advantage, often at the expense of Lion.

Conflict with Authority: Little Jackal challenges Lion’s dominance and authority, refusing to submit and continually undermining Lion’s power through his deceptive actions.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about the Bushmen


Little Jackal one day went out hunting, when he met Lion. Lion proposed that they should hunt together, on condition that if a small antelope was killed it was to be Little Jackal’s, and if a large one was killed it was to be Lion’s. Little Jackal agreed to this.

The first animal killed was a large eland. Lion was very glad, and said to Little Jackal: “I will continue hunting while you go to my house and call my children to carry the meat home.”

Little Jackal replied: “Yes, I agree to that.”

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Lion went away to hunt. When he had gone, Little Jackal went to his own house and called his own children to carry away the meat. He said: “Lion takes me for a fool if he thinks I will call his children while my own are dying with hunger.”

So Little Jackal’s children carried the meat to their home on the top of a high rock, where the only way to get to their house was by means of a rope.

Lion caught nothing more, and after a time he went home and asked his wife where the meat was. She told him there was no meat. He said: “Did not Little Jackal bring a message to my children to carry meat?”

His wife replied: “No, he was not here. We are still dying with hunger.”

Lion then went to Little Jackal’s house, but he could not get up the rock to it. So he sat down by the water, waiting. After a time Little Jackal went to get some water. He was close to the water when he saw Lion. He at once ran away, and Lion ran after him. He ran into a hole under a tree, but Lion caught his tail before he got far in. He said to him: “That is not my tail you have hold of; it is a root of the tree. If you do not believe me, take a stone and strike it, and see if any blood comes.”

Lion let go the tail, and went for a stone to prove what it was. While he was gone for the stone, Little Jackal went far into the hole. When Lion returned he could not be found. Lion lay down by the hole and waited. After a long time Little Jackal wanted to come out. He went to the entrance and looked round, but he could not see Lion. To make sure, he said: “Ho, I see you, my master, although you are in hiding.”

Lion did not move from the place where he lay concealed. Then Little Jackal went out, and Lion pursued him, but he got away.

Lion watched for him, and one day, when Little Jackal was out hunting, he came upon him in a place where he could not escape. Lion was just about to spring upon him, when Little Jackal said softly: “Be still, do you not see that bushbuck on the other side of the rock? I am glad you have come to help me. Just remain here while I run round and drive him toward you.”

Lion did so, and Little Jackal made his escape.

At another time there was a meeting of the animals, and Lion was the chief at the meeting. Little Jackal wanted to attend, but there was a law made that no one should be present unless he had horns. So Little Jackal took wax out of a nest of bees, and made horns for himself with it. He fastened the horns on his head, and went to the meeting. Lion did not know him on account of the horns. But he sat near the fire and went to sleep, when the horns melted.

Lion looked at him and saw who it was. He immediately tried to catch him, but Little Jackal was quick in springing away. He ran under an overhanging rock and sang out: “Help! help! this rock is falling upon me!”

Lion went for a pole to prop up the rock that he might get at Little Jackal. While he was away, Little Jackal escaped.

After that they became companions again, and went hunting another time. They killed an ox. Lion said: “I will watch it while you carry the pieces away.”

Lion gave him the breast, and said: “Take this to my wife.”

Little Jackal took it to his own wife. When he returned, Lion gave him a shin, and said: “Take this to your wife.”

Little Jackal took the shin to Lion’s house. Lion’s wife said: “I cannot take this because it should not come here.”

Little Jackal thereupon struck Lion’s wife in the face, and went back to the place where the ox was killed. Lion gave him a large piece of meat and said: “Take this to my wife.”

Little Jackal took it to his own wife. This continued till the ox was finished. Then they both went home. When Lion arrived at his house he found there was weeping in his family.

His wife said: “Is it you who sent Little Jackal to beat me and my children, and is it you who sent this shin? Did I ever eat a shin?”

When Lion heard this he was very angry and at once went to Little Jackal’s house. When he reached the rock, Little Jackal looked down and said: “Who are you, and what is your name, and whose son are you, and where are you from, and where are you going to, and whom do you want, and what do you want him for?”

Lion replied: “I have merely come to see you. I wish you to let down the rope.” Little Jackal let down a rope made of mouse skins, and when Lion climbed a little way up, the rope broke, and he fell and was hurt. He then went home.


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The Hunt of Lion and Jackal

Lion and Jackal hunted an eland together. After Jackal cleverly tricked Lion by creating a false blood trail and stealing the eland’s fat, Lion caught him but was deceived again by Jackal’s excuses. Jackal pretended to serve Lion’s family but instead fed his own. Mocking Lion’s cubs, Jackal fled with his family, showcasing his cunning and leaving Lion outwitted.

Source
South-African Folk Tales
by James A. Honey, M.D.
New York,1910


► Themes of the story

Trickster: The Jackal embodies the trickster archetype, using cunning tactics to deceive the Lion, such as creating a false blood trail and stealing the eland’s fat.

Conflict with Authority: The Jackal challenges the Lion’s dominance, representing a struggle against a more powerful adversary through wit and subversion.

Family Dynamics: The story touches on familial relationships, as the Jackal prioritizes feeding his own family over fulfilling his obligations to the Lion’s family, reflecting themes of loyalty and responsibility.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about the Bushmen


Lion and Jackal, it is said, were one day lying in wait for Eland. Lion shot (with a bow) and missed, but Jackal hit and sang out, “Hah! hah!” Lion said, “No, you did not shoot anything. It was I who hit.” Jackal answered, “Yea, my father, thou hast hit.”

Then they went home in order to return when the eland was dead, and cut it up. Jackal, however, turned back, unknown to Lion, hit his nose so that the blood ran on the spoor of the eland, and followed their track thus, in order to cheat Lion.

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When he had gone some distance, he returned by another way to the dead eland, and creeping into its carcass, cut out all the fat.

Meanwhile Lion followed the blood-stained spoor of Jackal, thinking that it was eland blood, and only when he had gone some distance did he find out that he had been deceived. He then returned on Jackal’s spoor, and reached the dead eland, where, finding Jackal in its carcass, he seized him by his tail and drew him out with a swing.

Lion upbraided Jackal with these words: “Why do you cheat me?”

Jackal answered: “No, my father, I do not cheat you; you may know it, I think. I prepared this fat for you, father.”

Lion said: “Then take the fat and carry it to your mother” (the lioness); and he gave him the lungs to take to his own wife and children.

When Jackal arrived, he did not give the fat to Lion’s wife, but to his own wife and children; he gave, however, the lungs to Lion’s wife, and he pelted Lion’s little children with the lungs, saying:

“You children of the big-pawed one!
You big-pawed ones!”

He said to Lioness, “I go to help my father” (the lion); but he went far away with his wife and children.


Running and expanding this site requires resources: from maintaining our digital platform to sourcing and curating new content. With your help, we can grow our collection, improve accessibility, and bring these incredible narratives to an even wider audience. Your sponsorship enables us to keep the world’s stories alive and thriving. ♦ Visit our Support page

Tink-Tinkje

The birds sought a king but couldn’t agree on a choice. They decided the highest flyer would rule. Vulture flew far, but Tink-tinkje, hidden on his feathers, claimed victory. Angry birds pursued Tink-tinkje, who escaped when Owl, the guard, fell asleep. Frustrated, White-crow vowed silence, and since then, White-crows have remained mute, even under duress.

Source
South-African Folk Tales
by James A. Honey, M.D.
New York,1910


► Themes of the story

Trickster: Tink-Tinkje embodies the trickster archetype by cunningly hiding on Vulture’s feathers to win the contest.

Conflict with Authority: Tink-Tinkje’s actions challenge the established norms and authority among the birds, leading to discord.

Moral Lessons: The narrative imparts lessons about fairness, vigilance, and the consequences of deceit.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about the Bushmen


The birds wanted a king. Men have a king, so have animals, and why shouldn’t they? All had assembled.

“The Ostrich, because he is the largest,” one called out.

“No, he can’t fly.”

“Eagle, on account of his strength.”

“Not he, he is too ugly.”

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“Vulture, because he can fly the highest.”

“No, Vulture is too dirty, his odor is terrible.”

“Peacock, he is so beautiful.”

“His feet are too ugly, and also his voice.”

“Owl, because he can see well.”

“Not Owl, he is ashamed of the light.”

And so they got no further. Then one shouted aloud, “He who can fly the highest will be king.” “Yes, yes,” they all screamed, and at a given signal they all ascended straight up into the sky.

Vulture flew for three whole days without stopping, straight toward the sun. Then he cried aloud, “I am the highest, I am king.”

“T-sie, t-sie, t-sie,” he heard above him. There Tink-tinkje was flying. He had held fast to one of the great wing feathers of Vulture, and had never been felt, he was so light. “T-sie, t-sie, t-sie, I am the highest, I am king,” piped Tink-tinkje.

Vulture flew for another day still ascending. “I am highest, I am king.”

“T-sie, t-sie, t-sie, I am the highest, I am king,” Tink-tinkje mocked. There he was again, having crept out from under the wing of Vulture.

Vulture flew on the fifth day straight up in the air. “I am the highest, I am king,” he called.

“T-sie, t-sie, t-sie,” piped the little fellow above him. “I am the highest, I am king.”

Vulture was tired and now flew direct to earth. The other birds were mad through and through. Tink-tinkje must die because he had taken advantage of Vulture’s feathers and there hidden himself. All flew after him and he had to take refuge in a mouse hole. But how were they to get him out? Some one must stand guard to seize him the moment he put out his head.

“Owl must keep guard; he has the largest eyes; he can see well,” they exclaimed.

Owl went and took up his position before the hole. The sun was warm and soon Owl became sleepy and presently he was fast asleep.

Tink-tinkje peeped, saw that Owl was asleep, and z-zip away he went. Shortly afterwards the other birds came to see if Tink-tinkje were still in the hole. “T-sie, t-sie,” they heard in a tree; and there the little vagabond was sitting. White-crow, perfectly disgusted, turned around and exclaimed, “Now I won’t say a single word more.” And from that day to this White-crow has never spoken. Even though you strike him, he makes no sound, he utters no cry.


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The Lion and the Jackal

Jackal, a cunning and deceptive character, gains a reputation as a “progressive man” through charm and pretense, despite his lack of real ability. He manipulates neighbors and cleverly turns a personal loss into a trend. Later, he convinces Tiger to entrust him with educating Tiger’s children, only to exploit the situation, ultimately deceiving Tiger and his family. Jackal’s schemes reveal his sly and opportunistic nature.

Source
South-African Folk Tales
by James A. Honey, M.D.
New York,1910


► Themes of the story

Trickster: The Jackal employs his wit and deceit to manipulate others, such as convincing fellow jackals to cut off their tails and tricking the Tiger into entrusting him with his children.

Moral Lessons: The narrative imparts lessons about the consequences of deceit and the importance of discernment when trusting others.

Conflict with Authority: The Jackal challenges societal norms and authority figures, such as the Lion’s proclamation, to serve his own interests.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about the Bushmen


Not because he was exactly the most capable or progressive fellow in the neighborhood, but because he always gave that idea–that is why Jackal slowly acquired among the neighbors the name of a “progressive man.” The truly well-bred people around him, who did not wish to hurt his feelings, seemed to apply this name to him, instead of, for instance, “cunning scamp,” or “all-wise rat-trap,” as so many others often dubbed him. He obtained this name of “a progressive man” because he spoke most of the time English, especially if he thought some of them were present who could not understand it, and also because he could always hold his body so much like a judge on public occasions.

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He had a smooth tongue, could make quite a favorable speech, and especially with good effect could he expatiate on the backwardness of others. Underneath he really was the most unlettered man in the vicinity, but he had perfect control over his inborn cunningness, which allowed him for a long time to go triumphantly through life as a man of great ability.

One time, for instance, he lost his tail in an iron trap. He had long attempted to reach the Boer’s goose pen, and had framed many good plans, but when he came to his senses, he was sitting in front of the goose pen with his tail in the iron trap, the dogs all the time coming for him. When he realized what it meant, he mustered together all his strength and pulled his tail, which he always thought so much of, clean off.

This would immediately have made him the butt of the whole neighborhood had he not thought of a plan. He called together a meeting of the jackals, and made them believe that Lion had issued a proclamation to the effect that all jackals in the future should be tailless, because their beautiful tails were a thorn in the eyes of more unfortunate animals.

In his smooth way he told them how he regretted that the king should have the barbaric right to interfere with his subjects. But so it was; and he thought the sooner he paid attention to it the safer. Therefore he had had his tail cut off already and he should advise all his friends to do the same. And so it happened that once all jackals for a long time were without tails. Later on they grew again.

It was about the same time that Tiger hired Jackal as a schoolmaster. Tiger was in those days the richest man in the surrounding country, and as he had had to suffer a great deal himself because he was so untutored, he wanted his children to have the best education that could be obtained.

It was shortly after a meeting, in which it was shown how important a thing an education was, that Tiger approached Jackal and asked him to come and teach his children.

Jackal was very ready to do this. It was not exactly his vocation, he said, but he would do it to pass time and just out of friendship for his neighbor. His and Tiger’s farm lands lay next each other.

That he did not make teaching his profession and that he possessed no degree was of no account in the eyes of Tiger.

“Do not praise my goodness so much, Cousin Jackal,” laughed he. “We know your worth well enough. Much rather would I intrust my offspring to you than to the many so-called schoolmasters, for it is especially my wish, as well as that of their mother, to have our children obtain a progressive education, and to make such men and women of them that with the same ability as you have they can take their lawful places in this world.”

“One condition,” said Jackal, “I must state. It will be very inconvenient for me, almost impossible, to come here to your farm and hold school. My own farm would in that case go to pieces, and that I cannot let happen. It would never pay me.”

Tiger answered that it was not exactly necessary either. In spite of their attachment to the little ones, they saw that it would probably be to their benefit to place them for a while in a stranger’s house.

Jackal then told of his own bringing up by Wolf. He remembered well how small he was when his father sent him away to study with Wolf. Naturally, since then, he had passed through many schools, Wolf was only his first teacher. And only in his later days did he realize how much good it had done him.

“A man must bend the sapling while it is still young,” said he. “There is no time that the child is so open to impressions as when he is plastic, about the age that most of your children are at present, and I was just thinking you would be doing a wise thing to send them away for quite a while.”

He had, fortunately, just then a room in his house that would be suited for a schoolroom, and his wife could easily make some arrangement for their lodging, even if they had to enlarge their dwelling somewhat.

It was then and there agreed upon. Tiger’s wife was then consulted about one thing and another, and the following day the children were to leave.

“I have just thought of one more thing,” remarked Jackal, “seven children, besides my little lot, will be quite a care on our hands, so you will have to send over each week a fat lamb, and in order not to disturb their progress, the children will have to relinquish the idea of a vacation spent with you for some time. When I think they have become used to the bit, I will inform you, and then you can come and take them to make you a short visit, but not until then.

“It is also better,” continued he, “that they do not see you for the first while, but your wife can come and see them every Saturday and I will see to all else.”

On the following day there was an unearthly howling and wailing when the children were to leave. But Tiger and their mother showed them that it was best and that some day they would see that it was all for their good, and that their parents were doing it out of kindness. Eventually they were gone.

The first Saturday dawned, and early that morning Mrs. Tiger was on her way to Jackal’s dwelling, because she could not defer the time any longer.

She was still a long way off when Jackal caught sight of her. He always observed neighborly customs, and so stepped out to meet her.

After they had greeted each other, Mrs. Tiger’s first question was: “Well, Cousin Jackal, how goes everything with the small team? Are they still all well and happy, and do they not trouble you, Cousin Jackal, too much?”

“Oh, my goodness, no, Mrs. Tiger,” answered Jackal enthusiastically, “but don’t let us talk so loud, because if they heard you, it certainly would cause them many heartfelt tears and they might also want to go back with you and then all our trouble would have been for nothing.”

“But I would like to see them, Cousin Jackal,” said Mrs. Tiger a little disturbed.

“Why certainly, Mrs. Tiger,” was his answer, “but I do not think it is wise for them to see you. I will lift them up to the window one by one, and then you can put your mind at rest concerning their health and progress.”

After Mr. and Mrs. Jackal and Mrs. Tiger had sat together for some time drinking coffee and talking over one thing and another, Jackal took Tiger’s wife to a door and told her to look through it, out upon the back yard. There he would show her the children one by one, while they would not be able to see her. Everything was done exactly as Jackal had said, but the sixth little tiger he picked up twice, because the firstborn he had the day before prepared in pickle for their Sunday meal.

And so it happened every Saturday until the last little tiger–which was the youngest–had to be lifted up seven times in succession.

And when Mrs. Tiger came again the following week all was still as death and everything seemed to have a deserted appearance on the estate. She walked straight to the front door, and there she found a letter in the poll grass near the door, which read thus:

 “We have gone for a picnic with the children. From there we will ride by Jackalsdance for New Year. This is necessary for the completion of their progressive education.” JACKAL.

Saturday after Saturday did Mrs. Tiger go and look, but every time Jackal’s house seemed to look more deserted; and after a while there was a spider’s web over the door and the trail of Snake showed that he, too, had taken up his abode there.


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The Tiger, the Ram, and the Jackal

Tiger, encountering Ram for the first time, is terrified by his gruff demeanor and retreats. Jackal mocks Tiger’s cowardice and convinces him to confront Ram together. However, Ram cleverly outwits them by pretending to see Tiger as prey for his “hungry child.” Terrified, Tiger flees, dragging Jackal along. The pair return home battered and humiliated, while Ram escapes unharmed.

Source
South-African Folk Tales
by James A. Honey, M.D.
New York,1910


► Themes of the story

Trickster: The Jackal embodies the trickster archetype, attempting to deceive the Ram and manipulate the Tiger for his own benefit.

Moral Lessons: The tale imparts a lesson about the consequences of underestimating others and the potential downfall of deceitful behavior.

Conflict with Nature: The interactions between the animals highlight the challenges and confrontations that arise within the natural world.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about the Bushmen


Tiger (leopard) was returning home from hunting on one occasion, when he lighted on the kraal of Ram. Now, Tiger had never seen Ram before, and approaching submissively, he said, “Good day, friend! What may your name be?”

The other in his gruff voice, and striking his breast with his forefoot, said, “I am Ram. Who are you?”

“Tiger,” answered the other, more dead than alive, and then, taking leave of Ram, he ran home as fast as he could.

► Continue reading…

Jackal lived at the same place as Tiger did, and the latter going to him, said, “Friend Jackal, I am quite out of breath, and am half dead with fright, for I have just seen a terrible looking fellow, with a large and thick head, and on my asking him what his name was, he answered, ‘I am Ram.'”

“What a foolish fellow you are,” cried Jackal, “to let such a nice piece of flesh stand! Why did you do so? But we shall go to-morrow and eat it together.”

Next day the two set off for the kraal of Ram, and as they appeared over a hill, Ram, who had turned out to look about him, and was calculating where he should that day crop a tender salad, saw them, and he immediately went to his wife and said, “I fear this is our last day, for Jackal and Tiger are both coming against us. What shall we do?”

“Don’t be afraid,” said the wife, “but take up the child in your arms, go out with it, and pinch it to make it cry as if it were hungry.” Ram did so as the confederates came on.

No sooner did Tiger cast his eyes on Ram than fear again took possession of him, and he wished to turn back. Jackal had provided against this, and made Tiger fast to himself with a leathern thong, and said, “Come on,” when Ram cried in a loud voice, and pinching his child at the same time, “You have done well, Friend Jackal, to have brought us Tiger to eat, for you hear how my child is crying for food.” On these dreadful words Tiger, notwithstanding the entreaties of Jackal to let him go, to let him loose, set off in the greatest alarm, dragged Jackal after him over hill and valley, through bushes and over rocks, and never stopped to look behind him till he brought back himself and half-dead Jackal to his place again. And so Ram escaped.


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Goolahwilleel the Topknot Pigeons

Young Goolahwilleel deceived his family by pretending to hunt, instead crafting a kangaroo model from wattle-gum. When he presented it as real meat, his mother and sisters grew angry, realizing they were still without food. They punished him and vowed never to let him hunt alone again. Henceforth, Goolahwilleels always foraged together, ensuring cooperation and avoiding further trickery.

Source
Australian Legendary Tales
collected by Mrs. K. Langloh Parker
London & Melbourne, 1896


► Themes of the story

Trickster: Goolahwilleel deceives his family by crafting a kangaroo model from wattle-gum, pretending it to be real meat.

Community and Isolation: Goolahwilleel’s actions lead to his punishment and the decision that he should no longer hunt alone, reflecting on the importance of cooperation within the community.

Origin of Things: The story explains why Goolahwilleels (topknot pigeons) always forage together, attributing it to the ancestral behavior of ensuring cooperation and avoiding deceit.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about the Aboriginal Australians


Young Goolahwilleeel used to go out hunting every day. His mother and sisters always expected that he would bring home kangaroo and emu for them. But each day he came home without any meat at all. They asked him what he did in the bush, as he evidently did not hunt. He said that he did hunt.

“Then why,” said they, “do you bring us nothing home?”

“I cannot catch and kill what I follow,” he said. “You hear me cry out when I find kangaroo or emu; is it not so?”

► Continue reading…

“Yes; each day we hear you call when you find something, and each day we get ready the fire, expecting you to bring home the spoils of the chase, but you bring nothing.”

“To-morrow,” he said, “you shall not be disappointed. I will bring you a kangaroo.”

Every day, instead of hunting, Goolahwilleel had been gathering wattle-gum, and with this he had been modelling a kangaroo–a perfect model of one, tail, ears, and all complete. So the next day he came towards the camp carrying this kangaroo made of gum. Seeing him coming, and also seeing that he was carrying the promised kangaroo, his mother and sisters said: “Ah, Goolahwilleel spoke truly. He has kept his word, and now brings us a kangaroo. Pile up the fire. To-night we shall eat meat.”

About a hundred yards away from the camp Goolahwilleel put down his model, and came on without it. His mother called out: “Where is the kangaroo you brought home?”

“Oh, over there.” And he pointed towards where he had left it.

The sisters ran to get it, but came back saying: “Where is it? We cannot see it.”

“Over there,” he said, pointing again.

“But there is only a great figure of gum there.”

“Well, did I say it was anything else? Did I not say it was gum?”

“No, you did not. You said it was a kangaroo.”

“And so it is a kangaroo. A beautiful kangaroo that I made all by myself.” And he smiled quite proudly to think what a fine kangaroo he had made.

But his mother and sisters did not smile. They seized him and gave him a good beating for deceiving them. They told him he should never go out alone again, for he only played instead of hunting, though he knew they starved for meat. They would always in the future go with him.

And so for ever the Goolahwilleels went in flocks, never more singly, in search of food.


Running and expanding this site requires resources: from maintaining our digital platform to sourcing and curating new content. With your help, we can grow our collection, improve accessibility, and bring these incredible narratives to an even wider audience. Your sponsorship enables us to keep the world’s stories alive and thriving. ♦ Visit our Support page