The Arnarkuagsak

An angakok performed a conjuration to ensure successful seal-hunting. He journeyed to the sea’s depths to confront the enraged arnarkuagsak, an old hag. Inside her abode, she angrily retrieved bloody clothes and a crying baby from behind her ears, tossing them to the floor. Through his efforts, the angakok managed to appease her, securing her favor for the hunt.

Source: 
Tales and Traditions of the Eskimo 
by Henry Rink 
[William Blackwood and Sons] 
Edinburgh and London, 1875


► Themes of the story

Divine Intervention: The angakok (shaman) descends to the sea’s depths to confront the arnarkuagsak, an old hag, seeking her favor to ensure successful seal-hunting.

Supernatural Beings: The story features the arnarkuagsak, a supernatural entity residing beneath the sea, influencing the success of human endeavors like hunting.

Quest: The angakok undertakes a perilous journey to the underwater abode of the arnarkuagsak, aiming to secure her favor for the benefit of his community.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about the Inuit peoples


Abridged version of the story.

An angakok performed a conjuration in order to procure good seal-hunting. He went down to the old hag, the arnarkuagsak, at the bottom of the sea, and found her in a great rage.

Having entered her abode, she seized hold of her hair behind one ear, grasping some bloody clothes, and afterwards from behind the other one she fetched down a crying baby, flinging both upon the floor.

The angakok then succeeded in propitiating her.

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A girl named Tuagtuanguak

Tuagtuanguak fled from her persecuting brother-in-law, enduring a perilous journey across ice and desolate landscapes. Over five days, she repeatedly swooned, awakening each time with visions of a distant black spot, gaining angakok power along the way. After numerous trials, including supernatural leaps, she reached a northern settlement, married, and received gifts from spirits, only for them to mysteriously return to their owners.

Source: 
Tales and Traditions of the Eskimo 
by Henry Rink 
[William Blackwood and Sons] 
Edinburgh and London, 1875


► Themes of the story

Quest: Tuagtuanguak’s journey across treacherous ice and desolate landscapes in search of safety exemplifies a classic quest narrative, where the protagonist undertakes a challenging journey to achieve a significant goal.

Transformation: Throughout her ordeal, Tuagtuanguak acquires angakok (shamanic) powers, indicating a profound personal transformation as she gains spiritual strength and resilience.

Supernatural Beings: Her interactions with the ingnersuit (spirits) who bestow gifts upon her highlight the involvement of supernatural entities, a common element in mythological tales that underscores the connection between the human and spirit worlds.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about the Inuit peoples


Abridged version of the story.

A girl named Tuagtuanguak fled from her brother-in-law, who persecuted her. Running across the ice, she fell through; but having again got up, she ran on and on to the north constantly, viewing a black spot before her. Swooning several times, and again seeing the black spot on awaking, she meanwhile acquired angakok power. Going on in this way for five successive days, she came to a precipice, and setting out from its edge, she leaped across, but was somehow wafted back through the air to the same spot. This process she continued for five days. She then pursued her journey north, and came to an inhabited place, where she took up her abode, and afterwards got married. She visited the ingnersuit, and received presents from them; but while carrying them homewards the gifts were wafted out of her hands, and flew back to their first owners.

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Iviangersook travelled all around the coast of Greenland

He journeyed southward, passing Cape Farewell and encountering light-haired people of European complexion in the east. Returning through the Sound, once open from east to west near Ilulissat, he approached home near Godthaab but tragically lost his brother. The brother was buried on a small island, later named Uviarniak, honoring his extensive travels.

Source: 
Tales and Traditions of the Eskimo 
by Henry Rink 
[William Blackwood and Sons] 
Edinburgh and London, 1875


► Themes of the story

Quest: Iviangersook’s extensive journey around Greenland represents a quest, as he undertakes a significant voyage that leads to various encounters and challenges.

Conflict with Nature: Traveling through the harsh and varied landscapes of Greenland, Iviangersook faces the formidable forces of nature, highlighting the theme of human struggle against natural elements.

Loss and Renewal: The narrative touches on personal loss when Iviangersook’s brother dies near the journey’s end. The act of burying his brother on an island, which is then named Uviarniak in his honor, signifies a form of renewal and remembrance, ensuring that his brother’s legacy endures.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about the Inuit peoples


Abridged version of the story.

He started for the south, and having passed Cape Farewell, he came on the eastward to some light-haired people of European complexion; and lastly he returned through the Sound, which was formerly open from east to west, near Ilulissat (Jakobshavn).

When approaching his home near Godthaab he lost his brother, who was buried upon a small island, after them named Uviarniak (one who travelled all around).

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Malarsuak

Malarsuak searched for his lost sister, finding her among cannibals. He killed a hideous youth, prompting the host to discard the body under a bench. Later, the youth’s mother lamented his death. Malarsuak returned with his family, but the cannibals stole their child. Escaping pursuit by sabotaging sledges, he forgot one, but killed the driver and fled safely.

Source: 
Tales and Traditions of the Eskimo 
by Henry Rink 
[William Blackwood and Sons] 
Edinburgh and London, 1875


► Themes of the story

Quest: Malarsuak embarks on a perilous journey to find his lost sister, demonstrating the classic quest motif where a protagonist undertakes a challenging expedition to achieve a significant goal.

Mythical Creatures: During his journey, Malarsuak encounters cannibals, who are often depicted as supernatural or monstrous entities in folklore, highlighting the theme of human confrontation with otherworldly adversaries.

Family Dynamics: The narrative centers on Malarsuak’s determination to rescue his sister and the subsequent familial interactions, emphasizing the complexities and bonds within family relationships.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about the Inuit peoples


A story from East Greenland

A man named Malarsuak started in search of his lost sister. Travelling by sledge, he came to houses inhabited by cannibals, with one of which he found his sister domesticated. A hideous-looking youth came into the house, whom Malarsuak killed by piercing his head with a bear’s tooth fastened into a stick, whereupon the host threw the dead body under the bench.

Some time after a woman appeared, saying, “Is this not my miserable son here — I mean the one who ought to serve as food for his brothers?” Malarsuak travelled homewards, but came back on a visit, bringing his wife and a little child with him. The cannibals robbed them of their child.

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When going to leave, the brother-in-law tried to persuade him first to cut all the lashings of his place-fellows’ sledges, in order to prevent their pursuing the travellers. Malarsuak took his advice, but happened to forget one of the sledges, which came speeding after him; but he killed the driver and made his escape himself.


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Atungak, a tale from Labrador

Atungak pursued his runaway wife, and their journey led them to encounters with cannibals, a tribe of ill-natured lame people, and otherworldly phenomena. Facing gruesome hospitality and strange dangers, they narrowly escaped, traversing surreal landscapes and ultimately meeting their long-lost son at a seal’s breathing hole. Remarkably, they traveled the world unchanged by time, leaving behind tales and traces in northern caves and cliffs.

Source: 
Tales and Traditions of the Eskimo 
by Henry Rink 
[William Blackwood and Sons] 
Edinburgh and London, 1875


► Themes of the story

Quest: Atungak’s pursuit of his runaway wife leads them on a journey filled with challenges and discoveries.

Supernatural Beings: Their encounters with cannibals, ill-natured lame people, and otherworldly phenomena highlight interactions with entities beyond the ordinary human experience.

Transformation: Despite traversing surreal landscapes and facing various dangers, Atungak and his wife remain unchanged by time, suggesting a transformation in their understanding or perception of the world.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about the Inuit peoples


This story, and the next from East Greenland, being both imperfect fragments, received from the most widely severed Eskimo countries, will be found to contain some very curious similarities.

A man named Atungak had two wives. One of them having run away, he pursued her in his sledge, and soon overtook her. They then travelled together, and came to cannibals, whose chief invited them to his house, and set before them a dish of man’s and wolves’ brains mixed together. When they declined eating it, another was served consisting of the flesh of a child and of a walrus; and this also being rejected, they brought in dried reindeer-flesh, which they ate with hearty appetite. Meanwhile the people got hold of some children, and feigning to pet them they killed them and sucked out their brains. A young lad was also there who carried a sling wherewith to entangle strangers; but when he approached Atungak with this design he was struck on the head with a piece of pyrites-stone, and fell to the ground. Afterwards, when his mother came from another house to look for him she only found one of his legs left, lying under the bench, with the boot still on it, by means of which she recognised it.

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She then exclaimed, “Ye have done very ill in taking that miserable Ajajusek, who ought to have served his younger brother for food.” Atungak and his wife travelling on, came to a country the people of which were all lame. Before they reached them the chief came to receive them, and warned them against his people as being a very ill-natured set. Nevertheless, when Atungak’s wife saw their ball-playing, she could not help laughing, and said that they hopped about like so many ravens. Atungak got very much afraid when he heard the bystanders repeating this. He at once cut asunder all the lashings of the sledges belonging to the lame people, so that they could not pursue them. Hastening from there they came to two black bears engaged in a fight, and no other way being left they were obliged to pass between them; after which they came to a pot boiling of itself, which they could not avoid crossing over. Lastly, they came to a man watching at the breathing-hole of a seal, and on speaking to him they recognised him as Atungak’s son, whom they had left behind a child. They had travelled over the whole world without changing or getting old. In the north, caves and clefts in the rocks are still to be seen, in which they are said to have rested.


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Kigdlinararsuk

Kigdlinararsuk sought vengeance for his sister’s murder by acquiring an amulet to enhance his boat’s swiftness. Guided by advice, he visited two old women. The second provided him with a dried Merganser amulet, which he discreetly embedded in his boat’s prow. After refining its speed to surpass a flying Merganser, he finally set out to face his enemies, determined and prepared.

Source: 
Tales and Traditions of the Eskimo 
by Henry Rink 
[William Blackwood and Sons] 
Edinburgh and London, 1875


► Themes of the story

Revenge and Justice: Kigdlinararsuk’s primary motivation is to seek retribution for his sister’s death, embodying the pursuit of justice through personal vengeance.

Sacred Objects: The dried Merganser amulet, endowed with mystical properties to increase the boat’s swiftness, plays a crucial role in his journey, highlighting the significance of powerful artifacts in achieving his goal.

Quest: His journey to find the old woman and obtain the amulet represents a classic quest narrative, involving challenges and the pursuit of a specific objective.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about the Inuit peoples


Abridged version of the story.

Kigdlinararsuk, in order to avenge the murder of his sister, went out in search of an old woman who could assist him in getting an amulet for giving swiftness to a boat. The first one he came to replied, “I have grown rather old to no purpose (viz., without having acquired wisdom), I am only clever in…, but farther north I have an elder sister more cunning than I; first try thy luck with her, and if thou dost not succeed I’ll see what can be done.” He then went farther, and came to another old hag, who gave him for an amulet a small bit of a dried Merganser (Mergus serrator). This he inserted in the prow of the boat with such care that no marks or joints were visible. Twice he tried it before the boat appeared swift enough to run down a flying Merganser, and not till then did he start to encounter his adversaries.

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The original words I have not ventured to translate, sufficiently characteristic though they are of the modesty which it is considered necessary by the Eskimo to assume on such occasions as that described in the text. It would have been scarcely possible for the old woman to have claimed skill in a manufacture more lowly than that of which the words omitted would have been a translation.


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Kanginguak

Kanginguak, a southern native, settled near Umanarsuak in South Greenland and had a son, Tunerak, famed for his rowing skills, overtaking falcons mid-flight. Tunerak ventured far into the sea, making Umanarsuak appear like a diving seal, and competed with renowned kayakers, but was killed by a rival. His father retrieved his body and sought an angakok, who successfully brought him back to life.

Source: 
Tales and Traditions of the Eskimo 
by Henry Rink 
[William Blackwood and Sons] 
Edinburgh and London, 1875


► Themes of the story

Resurrection: After Tunerak is killed by a rival kayaker, his father seeks out an angakok (a shaman) who successfully brings him back to life.

Quest: Tunerak’s ventures far into the sea, making Umanarsuak appear like a diving seal, and his competitions with renowned kayakers highlight his adventurous spirit and pursuit of excellence.

Supernatural Beings: The involvement of the angakok, a shaman with mystical abilities, underscores the interaction with supernatural elements in the narrative.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about the Inuit peoples


Abridged version of the story.

Kanginguak was a native of the south, who set forth on a journey and took up his abode near Umanarsuak (Kin of Sael, a high island of South Greenland). He had a son named Tunerak, who was such an expert rower that he used to overtake the falcons in their flight, and killed them with a blow of his paddle-oar. He went out to sea so far as to make Umanarsuak appear like a seal diving up and down among the waves. He also tried matches with celebrated kayakers, but on one of these occasions he was killed by his rival. His father afterwards went to the place where he was buried, brought out his body again and carried it along with him, till he found an angakok, who restored it to life.

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Running and expanding this site requires resources: from maintaining our digital platform to sourcing and curating new content. With your help, we can grow our collection, improve accessibility, and bring these incredible narratives to an even wider audience. Your sponsorship enables us to keep the world’s stories alive and thriving. ♦ Visit our Support page

A visit to the giants

The story of Inoosarsuk, an orphan mistreated by his foster-father, unfolds with his journey of hardship, adventure, and eventual transformation. Forced to take his foster-father’s kayak against warnings, Inoosarsuk flees after an accident and encounters supernatural beings, cannibals, and a benevolent giant who helps him grow into a powerful figure. Returning home for revenge, he finds only ruins and ultimately settles in Akilinek.

Source: 
Tales and Traditions of the Eskimo 
by Henry Rink 
[William Blackwood and Sons] 
Edinburgh and London, 1875


► Themes of the story

Transformation: Inoosarsuk undergoes significant changes, both physically and emotionally, as he encounters supernatural beings and overcomes various challenges.

Supernatural Beings: The narrative features encounters with giants, cannibals, and otherworldly entities that play crucial roles in Inoosarsuk’s journey.

Quest: Inoosarsuk’s journey is marked by a series of adventures and challenges, driven by his desire to escape mistreatment and seek a better life.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about the Inuit peoples


The orphan boy Inoosarsuk was greatly loved by his foster-mother, but not by his foster-father. One day, when the father was out on a seal-hunt, the mother told Inoosarsuk she was tired of seal-flesh, and ordered him out in her husband’s other kayak to catch some frog-fish. He remonstrated, saying that his father had forbidden him to take the kayak; but still she went on desiring him to go, at the same time assuring him she would clean and put it back all right in its place.

Notwithstanding, the father coming home observed that it had been used, and beat Inoosarsuk till he could not move for pain.

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Another day his mother went on persuading him in the same way to take the kayak in order to go out and get her some quannek (the eatable stalk of Angelica archangelica), growing near the shore, a little up the firth. But when he had ascended the hills in order to fetch her some, and came back to the beach, he found, to his great alarm, that the tide had carried away the half-jacket belonging to his foster-father’s kayak. On approaching home he got so frightened at the thought of his foster-father that he passed it by and turned right out to sea. Having rowed beyond the outermost islands he suddenly remembered his two amulets, a quannek and an old whetstone; and jumping out on a flake of drift-ice, he planted one of his newly-gathered stalks, calling out, “Thus shalt thou remain standing erect,” — an invocation to secure him calm weather. Like Giviok, he passed by the ocean-lice for Akilinek, and having first encountered the cannibals, he afterwards fell in with the women who captured fishes by putting bladders to them at low tide. From the cannibals’ chimney a black smoke arose in the air, but from that of the latter a white smoke was seen. Among these he was very kindly treated, but still he at last grew tired of his sojourn; and one day pretending to row a little in the neighbourhood, he took himself far off, and fled to the south. At length he arrived at a wide firth; but thinking it too long to enter, he resolved merely to cross the inlet to the opposite shore. When half-way across he saw what he fancied was a rock; but on coming closer he found it to be an enormously big kayaker, who took hold of him and lifted him up quite easily, kayak and all, in one hand, and put him down before himself on his own vessel, intending to take him home as an amulet for his little daughter. When they approached the homestead of the giant, something like a big iceberg was standing in front of the house; on closer inspection it proved to be an enormous gull, which the giant’s daughter was in the act of catching. Inoosarsuk was now brought up to the house and put upon a shelf near the window. During the night he took a fancy to some very nice-looking eatables lying behind the lamp. He managed to slide down on the side ledge, but finding it quite filled up by the giant’s sleeping daughter, without any room left where to put down his foot, he had no choice left but to step along her one leg; unfortunately he lost his footing and fell down. The giant’s daughter on being awakened in this way, and unconsciously grasping him, had nearly eaten him up, but luckily remembered that he was her little amulet. The giant seeing Inoosarsuk’s dismay and utter dejection, at length put him down on the floor, and covered him up with his large cloak, saying, “Thou shalt grow as big as that, as big as that.” He forthwith commenced to grow, and was soon as tall as the daughter, after which the giant furnished him with a kayak of suitable size. He now remembered his foster-parents; and longing to take revenge for the many blows he had formerly got, he crossed the ocean, and soon found the place where they had formerly lived. But the house was laid waste, and the old people buried beneath its ruins. He then returned to pass the rest of his days at Akilinek.


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Isigarsigak

Isigarsigak and his younger brother journeyed north, enduring harsh winters and joining friendly locals. They later voyaged to Akilinek, a land abundant with reindeer. After a lively singing match, Isigarsigak returned home, leaving his brother behind. Over generations, he became a beloved elder, sharing songs and bird calls. His remarkable longevity inspired awe, though his brother’s fate remained unknown, linking their people to Akilinek.

Source: 
Tales and Traditions of the Eskimo 
by Henry Rink 
[William Blackwood and Sons] 
Edinburgh and London, 1875


► Themes of the story

Quest: Their journey northward in search of new lands and experiences embodies the classic quest motif.

Transformation: Isigarsigak’s evolution into a revered elder, sharing songs and wisdom, reflects personal growth and change.

Community and Isolation: The brothers’ integration into new communities, contrasted with Isigarsigak’s eventual return home and his brother’s unknown fate, highlights the dynamics of belonging and separation.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about the Inuit peoples


Isigarsigak and his younger brother once set out on a journey northwards, and did not stop till the frost forced them to set themselves for the winter before they had reached their goal. Not till the middle of next summer did they arrive at their place of destination, where they found a number of people all friendly and well inclined; and therefore they resolved to pass the next winter with them. Winter went by as usual; but when spring came round, some of the people at times would say, “At midsummer-time we shall no doubt again see the dark stripe.” This implied the intention of going a trip to Akilinek (the country beyond the ocean); but the strangers did not understand their meaning.

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One day a man came up to Isigarsigak saying, “We all of us intend to go a voyage out seawards to Akilinek; with that view thou wouldst do well to gather skins for a double coating to thy boat.” He followed this advice; and when all had got their boats new coverings, he noticed that every morning the inhabitants mounted the top of a hill to take a survey of the ocean. Sometimes he joined them, and then they used to say, “Much as we long to be off, we dare not risk it yet.” But at length the rattling noise of the tent-poles woke him one morning, and when he saw the others had almost finished carrying their things down to the boats, he hastened to pull down his tent; and being also ready, the boats started. They stood to sea at once; and when the outer covers got wet and began to slacken their speed, they cut their fastenings and cast them off. Isigarsigak dropped astern a little, and had almost given up hope of seeing land again, when suddenly he heard land-shouts ahead of him. As he listened again, he could make out that they cried, “The broad dark stripe;” and presently he saw it looming out, and when he rose and stood upright he beheld a broad expanse of land. The travellers now broke out into exulting shouts that they had reached the opposite shore without a gale, and on coming close to the land they found it abounding with reindeer. They moored their boats, and at once went off shooting, but Isigarsigak and his brother slew the greatest number. They decided on staying at this place for a sea-son. Some time after there was heard a cry of “Boats.” Isigarsigak went out and saw a great number coming down from the north. These travellers also took up their quarters there; but Isigarsigak did not care to assist them, and remained in his tent. Before long, however, there was a cry at the entrance, “Isigarsigak and his brother are called upon to come out for a singing match” (nith-songs or satirical songs). Although Isigarsigak had no idea of singing, they made themselves smart and went outside. They saw an enormous crowd of people all going up hill, the men in front, the women following. As soon as they were seen there was another shout, “Let the men from East step forward.” The brother of Isigarsigak first performed a dance and retired. Isigarsigak himself was now summoned, but as he did not know much about either singing or dancing he proposed to his wife to advance, who was so smart and clever that nobody could match her.

The brother of Isigarsigak being unmarried now took a wife in this place; but as his brothers-in-law came to like him uncommonly well they would not allow him to leave them. The year being far advanced, they all prepared to cross to their own land, giving their boats new covers. Though Isigarsigak had been greatly attached to his brother, and did not like the idea of leaving him, he wished to die in his own country, and therefore made ready to follow his countrymen. At length they started; but a little way off land Isigarsigak said to his people, “It occurs to me that I forgot to divide our healing remedy (viz., amulet for health and longevity). What a pity! we shall have to go back.” Accordingly they went back and unpacked the things again. Opening an old box he produced something like a small bit of coal from a fireplace — this being an amulet given to him and his brother in common. He broke it into two pieces, and gave one of them to his brother. The boat was again loaded, and steering right out to sea, he turned round to see the last of his brother, who stood watching them on the beach in his white reindeer jacket. They were never to meet again, so he did not take his eyes off him till he was quite lost to sight.

The boats safely reached their own shore without encountering any storm. Isigarsigak now began seal-hunting with his children, but in time these grew old and died successively. Then he went out in company with his grandchildren, as yet without losing strength himself. It was not till his grandchildren were getting aged that he began to feel a little less handy himself. He was much beloved by his grandchildren, and they often went with him to a craggy reddish cliff, a favourite spot of his, where a number of gulls had built their nests, and the grandchildren’s children would call to him, saying, “Here we are at thy favourite cliff; do sing to us.” He had a fine voice, and could also imitate the cries of birds, which delighted the urchins beyond everything. This generation also died, and their children became his companions; but his grandchildren’s grandchildren had to carry him in a boat, and to treat him like a child. His strong frame had now grown thin and shrunk like that of a baby; he ate almost nothing, and to know whether he still breathed they used to hold a bit of down before his nose. In passing by the bird’s-cliff they would say, “Now we are at thy favourite spot; do sing a song:” and listening sharply, they could hear a small feeble sound like the cry of a bird. At length he began to suck his coverlet; and one day when they came to take him out as usual, they observed that the feather before his mouth did not stir; he had breathed his last. Isigarsigak never had his like with regard to old age in this country (Greenland); he got quite as old as Nivnitak. His younger brother may even have outlived him, but he had never been heard of. It is through him that we are related to the people of Akilinek.


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The brothers who were lost on their journey up the fiord

Two brothers living by a fiord sought to uncover the fate of kayakers who mysteriously vanished. The eldest encountered a magical couple whose sons destroyed his kayak and tried to kill him. Rescued by his brother, he escaped and rallied reinforcements. The group avenged the killings, attacking the hidden culprits. Only one survived but was killed in bird form, ending the threat.

Source: 
Tales and Traditions of the Eskimo 
by Henry Rink 
[William Blackwood and Sons] 
Edinburgh and London, 1875


► Themes of the story

Quest: The brothers embark on a journey to uncover the fate of the missing kayakers.

Revenge and Justice: After discovering the culprits behind the disappearances, the brothers seek retribution.

Supernatural Beings: The brothers encounter magical individuals capable of transforming into birds.

► From the same Region or People

Learn more about the Inuit peoples


Several men were living together in the mouth of a fiord. Each of them used to go out kayaking by himself; but it so happened that all those who went up the fiord entirely disappeared one after another. Two brothers, both strong and able men, were still left, and of these, the eldest first went out in search of the lost ones. He kept close along shore; but he could not master the strong tide, and was carried along by it to a place where two old people were standing, who (by magic) drew him to their shore. When he got upon land he saw numbers of people, who were all sons of the old couple; they seized his kayak, smashed it asunder, and put the pieces of it on the top of the turned-up boat.

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He was then asked to enter the house, and a dish of berries was put before him; but perceiving part of a human hand sticking up among them, he left it untouched. The people he had thus encountered were the murderers of his lost friends. At nightfall they entered to attack him also; and with this view they as usual took out a sealskin and spread it on the floor, for a trying-match at hook and crook. Seeing, however, that nobody was able to conquer him in this way, they dared not downright kill him. His kayak being destroyed, he was deprived of all means of returning. His brother in vain awaited his arrival, and therefore at length resolved to follow him. He took the very same course, and had the same fate, being likewise drawn towards the shore by the two old people. But before the young men could seize hold of his kayak, his own brother, who all the while had feigned to know nought of him, caught it up and placed it in safety on the top of the boat. At night he said to the men of the place that they might as well go to sleep, and that he would take charge of the stranger; but at midnight he suffered him to escape; and not till he believed he had gained a safe distance did he awake the people of the house and make known to them what had happened. The boat was quickly got down and put out in pursuit of him. The brother, who was given charge of the steering-oar, feigned to be pulling exceedingly hard, and in so doing, purposely broke every oar he got in hand in order to delay the pursuit. Meanwhile the fugitive escaped them, and on reaching home went off in search of helpmates to the north as well as to the south. In the ensuing winter they started in great numbers to take revenge on the fiord people. When the latter had been apprised of their approach, the elder brother, who was still staying with them, said he would rescue them, and they had better go and hide themselves in a cave close by; but no sooner had the assailants arrived, than the brother hastened to point out their hiding-place, and they commenced the attack, pouring their arrows into the cave, killing all but one, for whom there was not an arrow left. Presently, however, a bird came flying out of the cave; but one of them quickly got an arrow from an orphan boy, who had just been practising bow-shooting, and hit the bird with it; and when they came to look more closely at it, the bird turned out to have been one of the men. They cut him to pieces, and at once took out his entrails. Part of them were sunk in the depths of the ocean, and the rest brought to a place on which the sun never shone.

This tale is taken from two copies. Besides these there are two much resembling it. In the first, all the men having disappeared, only an old bachelor is left with the women, who persuade him to go in search of the lost men. On returning after having revenged them, the women, for sheer joy, suffocated him by their caresses. In the other, the inhabitants of two different islands were living in friendly relations to each other until an ill-natured sorcerer at one of those places took it into his head to kill the visitors successively arriving from the other island. His mode of attacking people was to fly at them like a bird from the top of a mountain, striking off their heads at one blow. At length, however, he was killed by the arrow of a boy who had been trained for the purpose.


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